Visão Geral do Processo Eleitoral
Autor | Elmana Viana Lucena Esmeraldo |
Ocupação do Autor | Analista Judiciária do Tribunal Regional Eleitoral do Pará |
Páginas | 207-212 |
Page 207
Neste capítulo teremos uma visão superficial das Fases do Processo Eleitoral que serão detalhadas nos capítulos seguintes. Pretende-se explanar superficialmente o todo, para que o leitor visualize as etapas deste longo procedimento que irá vivenciar.
A cada dois anos são realizadas, em todo o Brasil, eleições para os cargos eletivos majoritários e proporcionais. Para que as eleições ocorram, foi estruturado um processo eleitoral, regido por legislação específica e regulamentada por meio de resoluções do Tribunal Superior Eleitoral. Esse processo é dividido em fases que serão, abaixo, delineadas:
Todas as datas citadas para a conclusão de cada fase referem-se às Eleições 2012, tendo em vista ser essa o objeto da presente obra.
Para participar das Eleições, o partido deve efetivar seu registro no Tribunal Superior Eleitoral um ano antes da eleição. Nos termos da atual sistemática, regida pela Lei 9.096/95 (Lei dos Partidos Políticos) e disciplinada pela Res.-TSE nº 19.406/95, para o partido existir com finalidades eleitorais, ou seja, para que possa participar das eleições, receber recursos do fundo partidário, poder ter acesso à propaganda partidária gratuita, ter exclusividade em seu nome e sigla, etc., é necessário que esteja com seu estatuto devidamente registrado perante o TSE.
Além disso, deve apresentar órgão de direção devidamente constituído na circunscrição (Diretório ou Comissão Provisória Municipal para as Eleições de 2012) e anotado no Tribunal Regional Eleitoral respectivo, antes da realização da convenção para escolha de candidatos.
Page 208
IMPORTANTE: O c. TSE entende que a ausência de anotação do diretório municipal ou da comissão provisória no Tribunal Regional Eleitoral não é óbice ao indeferimento de registro de partido, coligação ou candidato que pretenda concorrer ao pleito, desde que tenha sido regularmente constituído.
Domicílio Eleitoral - O candidato deverá ter domicílio eleitoral na circunscrição pela qual pretenda concorrer até um ano antes da eleição.
Filiação Partidária - O candidato deverá estar filiado ao partido pelo qual pretende concorrer até 1 (um) ano anos da eleição, salvo se o estatuo partidário estabelecer prazo superior.
Exceções: a) Os Militares da ativa não precisam se filiar; b) Magistrados, Membros do Tribunal de Contas e do Ministério Público e servidores da Justiça Eleitoral - o prazo de filiação coincide com o de desincompatibilização. Para melhor análise do tema, vide os itens 8.3 e 8.4 no capítulo 8.
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Para continuar a ler
PEÇA SUA AVALIAÇÃO- Manual dos Candidatos e Partidos Políticos
- Parte IV. Do processo eleitoral
- Do Processo Eleitoral
- Visão Geral do Processo Eleitoral
- Considerações Iniciais acerca do Processo Eleitoral
- Convenções Partidárias
- Coligações
- Constituição e Registro do Comitê Financeiro
- Requerimento de Registro de Candidatura
- Arrecadação e Gastos de Recursos para a Campanha Eleitoral
- Pesquisa Eleitoral
- Propaganda Eleitoral
- Condutas Vedadas aos Agentes Públicos em Campanha
- Debates Eleitorais
- Atos Preparatórios para a Eleição
- O dia da Eleição
- Apuração, Totalização, Proclamação dos Eleitos e Diplomação
- Prestação de Contas de Campanha
- Anexo - Resolução nº 23.341
- Referências
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