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- Livros E Revistas
- Manual de Direito Das Marcas
- Segunda Parte. Modos de Aquisição de Direitos Sobre a Marca
- A Proteção Genérica Ao Uso Da Marca de Fato
Proteção à Marca de Fato Contra Registro Fraudulento
Autor | Geraldo Honório de Oliveira Neto |
Páginas | 177-179 |
Page 177
A Lei da Propriedade Industrial, pelo seu artigo 124, inciso XXIII, faculta ao titular de marca registrada no exterior se opor ao registro dela no País, ou buscar a declaração de nuli-dade do registro obtido por terceiro, se este, em razão de sua atividade, não poderia deixar de conhecer a marca572. Teve-se a oportunidade de dizer que o conhecimento da marca interdita o registro ao depositante que, por exemplo, atua no mesmo ramo empresarial do titular da marca ou não poderia desconhecê-la em razão de uma relação contratual com este. A regra é de repressão à utilização fraudulenta do registro marcário no âmbito internacional e constitui uma exceção ao princípio da territorialidade.
Page 178
Pode-se questionar se o dispositivo aplica-se não apenas às marcas registradas no estrangeiro, como descrito, mas também às marcas de fato nacionais que aqui fossem objeto de um requerimento de registro fraudulento. A resposta que se impõe é negativa, uma vez que o dispositivo, contendo as expressões titular da marca e marca alheia, aplica-se apenas no caso de marcas registradas. O usuário de marca de fato não é considerado titular de marca.
Embora a hipótese não incida sobre situações de preutência, a solução da teoria da fraude, de direito comum, confere idêntica proteção às marcas de fato levadas a registro em hipóteses semelhantes573. Sob a aparência de um regular exercício de direito, o ato de registrar a marca de fato usada por terceiro pode constituir um modo de interditar deliberadamente o uso anterior e assim causar um prejuízo ao utente e obter uma vantagem ilícita574. O registro marcário, evidentemente, não se presta a tais finalidades. O ato de registrar uma marca, como qualquer ato jurídico, não pode constituir artifício para alcançar fins ilícitos575.
Dissertando sobre o tema, GUSMÃO identifica a causa da nulidade do registro, os meios de proteção e indica as duas principais ocorrências da hipótese ". . . O meio de proteção é o da ação de nulidade da marca. Com efeito, o Código Civil brasileiro enuncia em seu artigo 92: ‘Os atos jurídicos são anuláveis por dolo, quando este for a sua causa’. E o dolo, segundo um dos mais eminentes civilistas brasileiros, ‘é a manifestação da má-fé’. A situação desses depósitos fraudulentos pode se apresentar em duas hipóteses principais: a primeira é aquela em que a fraude advém do conhecimento da marca sem registro, em função das relações contratuais das partes (. . . ). A segunda hipótese é...
Para continuar a ler
PEÇA SUA AVALIAÇÃO- Segunda Parte. Modos de Aquisição de Direitos Sobre a Marca
- A Proteção Genérica ao Uso da Marca de Fato
- A Proteção Genérica ao Uso da Marca de Fato
- Proteção à Marca de Fato Contra Concorrência Desleal
- Proteção à Marca de Fato Contra Registro Fraudulento
- Direito de Precedência ao Registro
- Bibliografia
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