A PEC do desrespeito ao Supremo
Autor | Diego Werneck Arguelhes |
Páginas | 219-221 |
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Na aprovação da "PEC da Bengala", a Câmara dos Deputados desrespeitou o Supremo Tribunal Federal. Não havia qualquer preocupação efetiva com o funcionamento do tribunal, sob qualquer dimensão relevante. Mudou-se a estrutura da Corte a partir de um problema inventado, sem levar em conta nenhum dos debates que de fato existem sobre o aperfeiçoamento da instituição. A Câmara instrumentalizou a instituição e cada um de seus membros, com o único propósito de eliminar indicações que a presidente Dilma faria para o tribunal ao longo dos próximos anos.
Essa não é uma leitura radical. Ela surge com facilidade quando avaliamos como foi conduzido o processo de aprovação da PEC. Foram apenas duas as razões apresentadas pelos parlamentares: (i) o aumento da expectativa média de vida dos brasileiros e (ii) a experiência dos ministros que já estão lá. Nenhuma das duas, porém, é capaz de justiicar a mudança.
A expectativa de vida de um ministro do STF não é, nem nunca foi, a de um brasileiro médio. A compulsória já está na casa dos 70 anos há muitas décadas - era 75 anos em 1934, quando a expectativa de vida em geral seria menor, passando para 68 na Constituição de 1937 e se irmando em 70 anos em 1946. A expectativa do brasileiro médio mudou nesse período, mas o que isso nos diz sobre a expectativa de vida dos ministros do STF? É esperado que, como parte de um grupo social restrito, integrantes da elite das carreiras jurídicas no Brasil, tendam a viver além dos 70 anos. Contando apenas os ministros já falecidos e que estiveram no tribunal de 1988 para cá, a expectativa de vida média é de cerca de 15 anos após o marco da compulsória. O aumento da
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expectativa dos brasileiros em geral é uma novidade sem relevância nesse debate.
Na verdade, mesmo feito de maneira responsável, o argumento da expectativa de vida seria irrelevante. A regra da compulsória aos 70 não deve ser vista como uma forma de evitar que ministros próximos ao im da vida (e de suas forças físicas e intelectuais) continuem no tribunal. É um mecanismo de renovação dos quadros do Supremo, conectando sua composição (e sua jurisprudência) a transformações geracionais, sociais e políticas. A questão é onde traçar a linha, de modo a aproveitar cada ministro ao máximo, mas sem congelar composições de outras épocas no tribunal.
Na mesma linha, o argumento da experiência dos ministros que já estão lá é problemático. Perdemos experiência no...
Para continuar a ler
PEÇA SUA AVALIAÇÃO- O Supremo em 2015
- Os três poderes
- Respeito aos outros poderes é marca do governo Dilma?
- A PEC do desrespeito ao Supremo
- Quando o casuísmo muda a Constituição
- Um recado para o STF
- A pedalada constitucional de Eduardo Cunha
- Nem notável saber jurídico, nem reputação ilibada
- Fachin não encantou, nem escandalizou
- Ligações perigosas
- O processo de impeachment será aberto ou secreto?
- O Estatuto da Família e a voz do Congresso
- Supremo precisa discutir afastamento de Cunha da Presidência da Câmara
- Concentrador, errático e arriscado: o processo de escolha de Fachin
- A política como inimiga
- Qual ministro indicado pelo PT para o STF teve mais votos no Senado?
- A história dos rejeitados
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