Natureza jurídica dos recursos
Autor | Lucas Naif Caluri |
Ocupação do Autor | Professor do Curso de Direito do Centro Universitário Salesiano de São Paulo - UNISAL - unidade Campinas - professor da FACAMP - Faculdades de Campinas |
Páginas | 25-26 |
Page 25
Os recursos são considerados como uma extensão do próprio direito de ação. No Direto brasileiro, somente se interpõe recurso de decisões proferidas em processos vivos, pois, para a interposição recursal em processos findos, necessário se faz o ajuizamento de ações impugnativas autônomas, como Ação Anulatória e Ação Rescisória.
Diverge a doutrina sobre a natureza jurídica dos recursos. Porém, são duas as principais correntes que se formaram sobre o tema: que o recurso é uma ação autônoma relativamente àquela que lhe deu origem; que o recurso é uma continuação do exercício do direito de ação.
Para a primeira corrente, a ação tem a sua gênese em fator extraprocessual, isto é, ocorrida fora do processo, antes de sua instauração, ao passo que o recurso se origina de fator endoprocessual, vale dizer, da própria decisão processual impugnada.28
Assim, para tal corrente, o recurso tem caráter autônomo, diferente do entendimento de ser uma continuação do processo principal, o que não nos parece a melhor exegese, posto que não se instaura nova relação jurídica processual.
Desta feita, a segunda corrente é a predominante entre os doutrinadores, uma vez que, na realidade, o que existe é um prolongamento do direito de ação já exercido, por meio de uma nova fase procedimental.
A corrente dominante, no entanto, prefere conceituar o poder de recorrer como simples aspecto, elemento ou modalidade do próprio direito de ação exercido no processo.29
Page 26
Sendo o recurso o prolongamento do direito de ação dentro do mesmo processo, precisamos observar os requisitos específicos para a sua admissibilidade. São os chamados pressupostos recursais, os quais serão estudados no capítulo II.
No que tange às condições da ação (interesse processual e legitimidade de partes), podemos citar a legitimidade em recorrer, o interesse em recorrer, bem como a existência do recurso previsto no ordenamento jurídico.
Quanto aos demais pressupostos dos recursos (tempestividade, preparo, existência do fato impeditivo ou extintivo do poder de recorrer, regularidade formal), podem ser comparados às condições da ação e aos...
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