Justiça de transição no Brasil e a jurisprudência da corte interamericana de direitos humanos: a dificuldade do diálogo com o judiciário brasileiro
| Autor | Bruno Galindo |
| Páginas | 27-44 |
Recebido em: 15/01/2018
Revisado em: 07/07/2018
Aprovado em: 07/08/2018
http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2177-7055.2018v39n79p27
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Transitional Justice in Brazil and the Jurisprudence
of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights: a
difficult dialogue with the Brazilian judiciary*
Justiça de Transição no Brasil e a Jurisprudência da Corte Interamericana
de Direitos Humanos: a dificuldade do diálogo com o judiciário brasileiro
Bruno Galindo1
1 Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife – PE, Brasil.
Abstract: The paper will address transitional
justice in Brazil, considering the objectives
advocated by its general theory. The main idea is
to make a legal analysis of the transition process in
Brazil based on the relationship between Brazilian
constitutional law and the Inter-American Human
Rights System. It will be suggested to reflect on
the ways of the dialogue between the two systems
of protection of human rights (Inter-American and
constitutional) proposed by some contemporary
theories. As a conclusion, some reflections on
how this situation contributes to the current
Brazilian political crisis, especially for a certain
popularization of authoritarianism as a political
solution.
Keywords: Brazil. Transitional Justice. Inter-
American System of Human Rights. Crimes
against humanity. Authoritarianism.
Resumo: O artigo aborda a justiça de transição
no Brasil, considerando os objetivos defendidos
pela sua teoria geral. A principal proposta é fazer
uma análise jurídica do processo de transição no
Brasil com base na relação entre o direito consti-
tucional brasileiro e o Sistema Interamericano de
Direitos Humanos. É sugerida uma reflexão so-
bre os caminhhos de diálogo entre os dois siste-
mas de proteção dos direitos humanos (interame-
ricano e constitucional) propostos por algumas
teorias contemporâneas. Como conclusão, algu-
mas reflexões sobre como essa situação contribui
para a atual crise política brasileira, especial-
mente para certa popularização do autoritarismo
como solução política.
Palavras-chave: Brasil. Justiça de Transição.
Sistema Interamericano de Direitos Humanos.
Crimes contra a humanidade. Autoritarismo.
* Talk given in the Weekly Seminar Series of Oxford Transitional Justice Research of the
University of Oxford/UK on October 16, 2017, with some adaptations for publication.
My special thanks to my dear friends Talita Dias and Daniel Franchini, Convenors of
OTJR, and to Professor Carolyn Hoyle, Director of Centre for Criminology, by the
immense kindness of the invitation. This text was completed on January 1, 2018.
28 Seqüência (Florianópolis), n. 79, p. 27-44, ago. 2018
Transitional Justice in Brazil and the Jurisprudence of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights:
a difficult dialogue with the Brazilian judiciary
1 Introduction
This article was written from the Talk given in the Weekly Seminar
Series of Oxford Transitional Justice Research of the University of
Oxford/UK on October 16, 2017, with some adaptations for publication.
Then the Talk was named “Transitional justice in Brazil and the
jurisprudence of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights”, also
subject of our researches at the Law School of the Federal University of
Pernambuco, in Brazil, especially in our Postgraduate Program in Law.
The paper is divided into three main parts: First, some considerations
about the Inter-American System of Human Rights, its general features
and the most important leading cases of the IACHR about transitional
justice; Then, the main legal aspects of the last dictatorship and
transitional justice in Brazil; And finally, the judicial decisions in opposite
senses of the Brazilian Federal Supreme Court and the Inter-American
Court of Human Rights, and the possibilities of dialogues between the
courts in the context of Brazilian transitional justice, including some
theoretical output. As a conclusion, some reflections on how this situation
contributes to the current Brazilian political crisis, especially for a certain
popularization of authoritarianism as a solution.
2 Inter-American Court of Human Rights: supranational
jurisdiction and Inter-American jurisprudence on transitional
justice
The Inter-American System of Human Rights (IASHR) was
founded in 1969 with the signature of the American Convention of Human
Rights (ACHR), known as Pact of San José of Costa Rica. It is associated
to the Organization of American States (OAS), but with autonomous
organisms. These official bodies are the Inter-American Commission on
Human Rights, with competence to investigate, make recommendations
and refer cases to the Court, and the Inter-American Court of Human
Rights (IACHR), whose judges have jurisdiction to interpret and apply
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