Falta de parâmetros ainda é risco para produção de biografias
Autor | Thomaz Pereira |
Páginas | 311-313 |
Page 311
A necessidade de autorização prévia era apenas um dos entraves para a publicação de biograias. Certamente o mais absoluto, mas longe de ser o mais importante. Em um país em que uma peça de teatro iccional inspirada em fatos reais, mas sem se propor biográica ou usar o nome de pessoas existentes, pode ser proibida , o buraco é muito mais embaixo.
Como observou Ivar Hartmann em texto publicado neste mesmo espaço , a principal ameaça à liberdade de expressão são os potenciais processos por parte de qualquer um retratado em obra que sinta sua honra e imagem lesadas. Se o medo de ser processado por ofendidos for generalizado e seu desfecho imprevisível, por mais cuidadoso que o autor seja, todos sairemos perdendo. Hartmann, porém, é muito mais otimista quanto aos parâmetros supostamente estabelecidos pelo Supremo na ADI 4.815 para equacionar liberdade de expressão e direito à honra, bem como as formas de tutela disponíveis ao vencedor.
Alguns ministros decerto tentaram estabelecer tais parâmetros, mas o alcance dessa tentativa é limitado por duas razões: primeiro, é difícil airmar que houve efetivamente um consenso - ou pelo menos maioria - em alguma direção substantiva. Segundo, não é óbvio que esta discussão era de fato relevante para o desfecho dessa ADI - ou se estamos apenas diante de uma cacofonia de obiter dicta.
O primeiro ponto está aparentemente oculto pela unanimidade da decisão, celebrada por toda a imprensa. Mas apesar de todos acompanharem a relatora, houve discordâncias quanto à liberdade de expressão pode violar o direito a honra (uma questão de quais os parâmetros
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para resolver o conlito), e quanto à possibilidade de retirar livros de circulação em caso dessa violação (uma questão de quais as tutelas aceitas para fazer valer o direito que prevalecer). Discordâncias que não foram claramente resolvidas no plenário - seja porque o processo de decisão no Supremo não o permitiu, seja porque tais questões não estavam no objeto da ação.
Quanto ao processo decisório, como saber quais ministros de fato acompanharam todos os elementos e argumentos do voto da relatora? No caso, a ministra Cármen Lúcia produziu um voto de mais de 119 páginas que não foi lido em plenário. Distribuiu o texto aos seus pares, mas, para poupar tempo e seguindo praxe do tribunal, apenas enunciou os pontos que considerou principais. Mas se é assim, o que foi acompanhado? O que foi escrito e não lido, ou apenas o que foi dito publicamente? Sem...
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PEÇA SUA AVALIAÇÃO- O Supremo em 2015
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- Quantos gramas fazem um traficante?
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