- Início
- Livros E Revistas
- A Defesa do Fornecedor Comerciante. Antídotos para a Indústria Das Indenizações
Do Dano Moral
Autor | Pedro Ribeiro do Val Neto |
Páginas | 39-42 |
Page 39
Ambiciona a indústria das indenizações beneficiar-se dos efeitos de duas presunções: a da insuficiência de recursos, que lhe proporcionará a litigância sem despesas e riscos, assim como o dano moral presumido, pois nunca tem provas de sua ocorrência.
Usualmente, o pedido indenizatório tem origem em ato ilícito cometido pelo próprio demandante, quem alega desproporcionalidade na reação do demandado. Assim são os casos de informação da mora aos serviços de proteção ao crédito, no consumo de alimentos dentro de supermercados, no furto de objetos detectados por alarmes sonoros, no descaso pelos que sofreram quedas dentro de supermercados, na recusa de pagamentos com cheques e cartões com restrições e outras inventivas variações.
Nestas ações evidencia-se a litigância de má-fé comentada adiante, no Capítulo IX, pelo desvio da discussão do ato lícito praticado pelo demandado, pois este não pode ser a causa de pedir, consoante dispõe o Novo Código Civil: “Art. 188. Não constituem atos ilícitos: I – Os praticados em legítima defesa ou no exercício regular de um direito reconhecido.”.
De regra, o ilícito praticado pelo demandante viola o direito de propriedade do demandado, cuja reação, própria ou por terceiros vigilantes, tem supedâneo no art. 1.228 do citado Código, que reza ter o proprietário o direito de reaver a coisa do poder de quem quer que injustamente a detenha.
Nestes casos considerados, como não se trata de vício do produto ou do serviço numa relação de consumo, pois a questão envolvida é respeitante a uma figura criminal – a difamação – não há razão para atribuir ao demandado o ônus da prova, indevidamente sendo tomada por base o inciso VIII do art. 6º do Código de Defesa do Consumidor.
Quando a questão de responsabilidade não se prende à relação de consumo, não há prova presumida, nem muito menos inversão do ônus da prova, pois esta inversão também só se aplica a fato ou vício relativo a produto ou serviço ofertado ou consumido, sendo impensável a hipótese de hipossuficiência moral dando condição jurídica para tal inversão.
Page 40
À hipótese em pauta aplica-se, isto sim, a lição de PONTES DE MIRANDA: “DAS PROVAS – Conceito de prova – A prova refere-se a fatos; portanto, a elementos do suporte fáctico, ao suporte fáctico e aos fatos jurídicos que de suportes fácticos resultam direitos, pretensões, ações e exceções são efeitos de fatos jurídicos: é preciso que se provém os fatos jurídicos para que se tenham por existentes, no tempo e no espaço, esses efeitos. Quando se diz ‘prove o seu direito’... em verdade o que se pensou...
Para continuar a ler
PEÇA SUA AVALIAÇÃO- Livros e Revistas
- A defesa do fornecedor comerciante. Antídotos para a Indústria das Indenizações
- Intróito
- Do Momento Social
- Das Grandes Corporações e da Irresponsabilidade Nacional
- Da Segurança Pública e da Responsabilidade do Estabelecimento Privado
- Do Depósito de Veículos em Estacionamentos
- Do Litisconsórcio Unitário com Seguradoras
- Do Dano Moral
- Do Valor da Causa sobre Dano Moral Arbitrado
- Da Assistência Judiciária Gratuita
- Da Responsabilidade do Advogado por Litigância de Má-Fé
- Dos Honorários de Advogado
- Do Cadastro nos Serviços de Proteção ao Crédito
- Da Responsabilidade pelo Fato do Produto ou do Serviço
- Conclusão
- Bibliografia
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