Conceito e Natureza Jurídica do Sindicato
Autor | Amauri Mascaro Nascimento/Sônia Mascaro Nascimento |
Páginas | 503-505 |
Page 503
A — ORIGEM DA PALAVRA “SINDICATO”. A palavra “sindicato” tem origem francesa, embora a expressão “síndico” tenha sido encontrada anteriormente, no direito romano, para designar os mandatários encarregados de representar uma coletividade, e no direito grego (sundike). A Lei Chapellier empregou o vocábulo “síndico” como sinônimo de sujeito diretivo de grupos profissionais. Segundo Juan Garcia Abellan, daí derivou a palavra “sindicato”, para se referir aos trabalhadores e associações clandestinas por eles organizadas no período subsequente à Revolução Francesa de 1789 e no período abolicionista das coalizões de trabalhadores que se seguiu. Em 1810, a Chambre Syndicale du Bâtiment de la Saint-Chapelle, entidade parisiense constituída por diversas corporações patronais, emprega essa mesma expressão formalmente.
B — DEFINIÇÃO DE SINDICATO. A CLT não define sindicato, mas dispõe que “é lícita a associação para fins de estudo, defesa e coordenação dos seus interesses econômicos ou profissionais, de todos os que, como empregadores, empregados, agentes ou trabalhadores autônomos ou profissionais liberais, exerçam, respectivamente, a mesma atividade ou profissão ou atividades ou profissões similares ou conexas” (art. 511).
Entendemos que sindicato é uma forma de organização de pessoas físicas ou jurídicas que figuram como sujeitos nas relações coletivas de trabalho.
A característica principal do sindicato é ser uma organização de um grupo existente na sociedade. Essa organização reúne pessoas físicas, os trabalhadores, mas pode reunir igualmente pessoas jurídicas, as empresas, uma vez que estas se associam em sindicatos também — os sindicatos de empregadores. As pessoas que se associam o fazem não para fins indiscriminados, mas como sujeitos das relações coletivas de trabalho.
A — SINDICATOS DE FATO E DE DIREITO. O sindicato é um sujeito coletivo, como organização destinada a representar interesses de um grupo na esfera das relações trabalhistas.
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É uma pessoa jurídica reconhecida expressamente como tal pela lei de alguns países, como a lei da França. Tem personalidade jurídica, portanto. Todavia, há sindicatos de fato, na Itália, ou investidos de personalidade jurídica restrita. Na Inglaterra, há sindicatos não registrados, não considerados, em razão desse fato, pessoas jurídicas.
B — SINDICATO COMO PESSOA JURÍDICA DE...
Para continuar a ler
PEÇA SUA AVALIAÇÃO- Iniciação ao Direito do Trabalho 2018
- Nona Parte
- Relações Coletivas de Trabalho
- Liberdade Sindical: a Convenção n. 87 da Organização Internacional do Trabalho e a Legislação Brasileira
- Direito Sindical
- Organização Sindical
- Conceito e Natureza Jurídica do Sindicato
- Criação, Administração e Dissolução de Sindicatos
- Funções do Sindicato
- Entidades Sindicais de Grau Superior
- Representação dos Trabalhadores na Empresa
- Conflitos Coletivos do Trabalho
- Negociação Coletiva
- Instrumentos Normativos Negociados
- A Greve no Direito do Trabalho
- A Greve no Direito Brasileiro
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