- Início
- Livros E Revistas
- A Criação Da Lei. Sistema Jurídico, Competências, Processo, Técnica, Controle Prévio
- Título I. Do Sistema Jurídico
Título I. Do sistema jurídico
Autor | Mayr Godoy |
Ocupação do Autor | Mestre em Direito do Estado pela Universidade de São Paulo |
Páginas | 25-26 |
Page 25
O estudo do direito positivo, isto é, do direito vigente em determinado Estado, como no Brasil, e.g., abarca a visão de todos os ramos do direito, tal qual estão ordenados na legislação que se quer conhecer. Essa ordenação, das normas de todas as unidades do direito positivo, nos seus três grandes ramos, o do direito privado, o do direito público e o do direito social, é o que constitui o sistema jurídico do Estado.
A ordem jurídica é o somatório dos ramos da ciência do direito em cujos fundamentos, na Federação Brasileira, a União, os Estados-Membros, o Distrito Federal e os Municípios se organizam e se determinam1e a cuja estrutura ficam presos para se respeitarem, entre si, e a respeitarem o povo como um todo – os indivíduos que a compõem – assegurando o direito no seio da comunidade.
O direito, que regula os interesses individuais, pertence à ordem privada, como o do direito civil e o do direito comercial; a proteção dos direitos, de interesse coletivo, é matéria de ordem pública e se encontra no direito constitucional, no administrativo, no financeiro, no tributário, no penal, no eleitoral, no processual e no internacional, para usar do essencial. Há, ainda, a ordem social, com o direito do trabalho e o direito previdenciário.
Page 26
Esta é uma distinção de valor histórico que vem servindo aos juristas para especificar os conceitos do direito predominante, dentro da ordem jurídica2, e, de utilidade prática, no campo da técnica legislativa.
Todos esses direitos são assegurados em normas legais elaboradas pela União, pelos Estados, pelo Distrito Federal e pelos Municípios, conforme a competência de cada umas dessas quatro esferas que gravitam na Federação Brasileira, segundo uma partilha de competências e um processo legislativo, ambos de previsão constitucional e legal, e dentro de uma técnica legislativa de...
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