The model of challenges of smart contract based on blockchain technology and distributed ledger using meta-synthesis research method

AutorAmin Pooya - Ahmad Jafarnejad Chaghoushi - Sajad Shokohyar - Mahdi karimizand
CargoPh.D. Student in Department of Information Technology Management, Tehran Central Branch - Full Professor, Department of Industrial Management, Faculty of Management, University of Tehran, Iran - Assistant Professor, Department of management, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran - Assistant Professor
Páginas821-844
Periódico do Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas sobre Gênero e Direito
Centro de Ciências Jurídicas - Universidade Federal da Paraíba
V. 9 - Nº 03 - Ano 2020 Special Edition
ISSN | 2179-7137 | http://periodicos.ufpb.br/ojs2/index.php/ged/index
821
THE MODEL OF CHALLENGES OF SMART CONTRACT BASED
ON BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGY AND DISTRIBUTED LEDGER
USING META-SYNTHESIS RESEARCH METHOD
Amin Pooya1
Ahmad Jafarnejad Chaghoushi2*
Sajad Shokohyar3
Mahdi karimizand4
Abstract: Many believe that smart
contract can provide an innovative
solution to some of the real-world
problems. Thus, it is expected that
blockchain-based smart contracts can
dramatically increase economic
efficiency and productivity in financial,
banking and capital markets.
In fact, smart contracts are a powerful
novel tool for major changes in the
financial, legal and contractual systems
of the future, which will change the
business model, create efficiency and
added value, reduce legal disputes and
increase the speed and transparency of
financial transactions.
Another innovative solution of smart
contracts is their wide application in the
1Ph.D. Student in Department of Information Technology Management, Tehran
Central Branch; Islamic Azad.University; Tehran; Iran.
2Full Professor, Department of Industrial Management, Faculty of Management, University of
Tehran, Iran; Email: Jafarnjd@ut.ac.ir
3Assistant Professor, Department of management, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
4Assistant Professor, Department of Business Management, Tehran Central Branch; Islamic
Azad.University; Tehran; Iran.
internet of objects (IoT). For example,
smart contract can be used to track goods
in smart transport system, or it can be
applied in future smart cars without a
driver in order to pay for gasoline when
fueling or pay for the insurance in the
case of an accident automatically and
immediately.
Due to the widespread applications of
smart contract in e-government, supply
chain, intellectual property creation,
patient electronic records, electronic
voting, electronic insurance, smart
transport and so on, its importance is
clearly identified. Therefore, considering
the emergence of smart contracts and
given the scattered studies in this field,
an attempt has been made to present a
Periódico do Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas sobre Gênero e Direito
Centro de Ciências Jurídicas - Universidade Federal da Paraíba
V. 9 - Nº 03 - Ano 2020 Special Edition
ISSN | 2179-7137 | http://periodicos.ufpb.br/ojs2/index.php/ged/index
822
comprehensive and systematic model of
the challenges of smart contract based on
blockchain technology and the
distributed ledger by the systematic
review of previous studies (papers
published in internationally accredited
journals and theses reviewed between
2016 and 2019), using a meta-synthesis
qualitative research method and
   
seven-step model.
Keywords: Smart Contract Barriers,
Small Contract Challenges, Limitations
of Blockchain-Based Smart Contract,
Smart Contract Problems, Smart
Contract and Blockchain and General
Ledger.
1. Introduction
Decentralized systems face
major problems, including scalability
and privacy as well as multi-identity
issues. Nowadays, experts are trying to
design decentralized protocols like
blockchain that are scalable and
optimized in addition to being resistant
against attacks. Analysis of such
protocols requires extensive knowledge
in areas such as distributed systems,
cryptography, game theory, and
information theory concepts. The
transfer of power from closed, unclear
mechanisms to people and the society is
one of the most important concepts in the
new world. In this regard, blockchain
technology can facilitate the move
toward a more uniform and equal
society.
The vast scope of blockchain
technology applications, including smart
contracts, goes back to its basic concept
of a fully transparent, publicly
accessible, secure, decentralized
database without the need to trust a third
party or central entity.
Smart contract eliminates the
supervisory interface and thus reduces
costs. Other benefits include the
automatic payment of contract fees and
its transparent as well as decentralized
nature. However, despite the benefits
and considerable applications of smart
contracts, they face a variety of
challenges in practice, since they are new
emerging technologies. Thus, this study
aims at presenting a systematic and
comprehensive model of challenges of
smart contract based on the blockchain
technology and distributed ledger, using
a meta-synthesis qualitative research

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