Substituição dos embargos do devedor pela exceção de pré-executividade
Autor | Hélio Apoliano Cardoso |
Páginas | 87-88 |
Page 87
A objeção de não-executividade não pode ser vulgarizada a ponto de ser usada em substituição aos embargos. Seu cabimento é restrito às situações especiais em que, pela própria ausência de título, ou outro pressuposto processual subjetivo ou objetivo, o processo executivo tende à extinção futura. Então, nada mais lógico que antecipar o aniquilamento induvidoso.
Casos há em que a emissão do título pelo devedor, de próprio punho (como no exemplo do cheque, ou da nota promissória), ou por instrumento público, mediante o qual confessa a dívida, consolidam certeza inicial de validade da dívida, que não pode ser afastada por mera alegação de invalidade em objeção de não-executividade.
Em situações tais, os embargos são a modalidade necessária para investigação das provas e razões que levaram o executado ao inadimplemento da pretensão deduzida. Admitir-se discutir o mérito, em casos análogos, seria vulnerar os princípios que informam a execução, instaurando inexistente contraditório em terreno impróprio, que é o processo executivo.
O juiz, atento aos preceitos processuais, somente deferirá o pedido em objeção de não-executividade quando, de plano ou pela prova sucinta produzida pelo demandado, vislumbrar a inexorável improcedência da execução encetada. Havendo a mínima dúvida, ou sendo a matéria afeta ao mérito da causa debendi, com possibilidade de manutenção do título executivo ou reconhecimento da relação jurídica que lhe deu origem, deverá, por prudência, reservar a discussão da matéria para os competentes embargos.
Essa atuação deve ser tratada com status de premissa ao bom desempenho da atividade judicante, pois o viciamento do título executivo, que a rigor goza da presunção de liquidez, certeza e exigibilidade, tem caráter excepcional.
HUMBERTO THEODORO JÚNIOR é criterioso ao tratar desse delicado...
Para continuar a ler
PEÇA SUA AVALIAÇÃO- Exceção de Pré-Executividade
- -
- Sobre o Autor
- Apresentação
- Introdução
- Raízes históricas
- Questão da denominação
- Conceito
- Objetivo
- Fundamentos
- Instrumentos de oposição à execução
- Instrumento de oposição ao cumprimento de sentença. Astreintes. Revisão. Possibilidade
- Do Prazo
- Hipóteses de cabimento
- Matérias arguíveis
- Evolução e ampliação do núcleo das matérias arguíveis
- Casos mais frequentes de sua aplicabilidade
- Substituição dos embargos do devedor pela exceção de pré-executividade
- Prazo para interposição
- Custas processuais no caso de movimentação da máquina judicial de forma indevida
- Honorários advocatícios
- Recurso cabível
- Aceitação do princípio da instrumentalidade das formas
- Recebimento no efeito suspensivo
- Reexame de provas pré-constituídas. Possibilidade de apreciação
- Outras considerações
- Razões derradeiras
- Considerações finais
- Notas
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