Restrição à Circulação
Autor | Roberto Silvestre Bento |
Páginas | 101-103 |
Page 101
A Lei Uniforme permite a inserção, na letra, da cláusula “não à ordem”, ou a proibição de endosso (art. 15). Tal prática aparentemente restringe a circulação cambial, contrariando a índole do título de crédito que prima pela negociabilidade, multiplicando miraculosamente o capital e agindo como moeda. Diz-se aparentemente porque, na verdade, tal restrição não existe de forma absoluta. A proibição não impede endossos subsequentes, podendo o título circular normalmente.
O endossante que utiliza o permissivo do art. 15 retroreferido conserva as exceções pessoais que poderia opor ao endossatário imediato e evita a exacerbação de sua responsabilidade cambial ante a sucessividade de posteriores endossos. Inserindo a cláusula “não à ordem” ou proibição de novo endosso, o endossante mantém sua responsabili-dade cambial somente frente ao endossatário por ele nomeado (endosso em preto).
Em relação aos endossatários posteriores cai a solidariedade legal, circunscrevendo a relação com estes aos efeitos de mera cessão civil.
Entretanto, as exceções oponíveis ao endossatário imediato para quem o endossante endereçou a cláusula proibitiva são oponíveis também aos demais endossatários sucessivos. Sobrevive, outrossim, a solidariedade legal entre os endossatários posteriores, excluído, como já disse, o autor da cláusula.
Page 102
Observe-se que sendo o autor da cláusula “não à ordem” o sacador, o título não comporta endosso, salvo se para ensejar a compensação, via câmara de compensação, vez que, contendo aquela cláusula, só será transmissível pela forma e com os efeitos de uma cessão ordinária de crédito, como estão a comandar os expressos dizeres do art. 11 considerado. Só o sacador pode criar uma cambial “não à ordem”.
Como foi dito, a cláusula “não à ordem” não impede a circulação da cártula, mas proíbe que se faça a transferência dela por meio de “endosso”. Nesse caso, a circulação do título só se faz mediante um contrato bilateral de cessão (ato extracartular), com os efeitos de uma cessão ordinária de crédito.
Também a cláusula “não à ordem” não subtrai da cártula a sua natureza cambial. A cessão de crédito não transforma a cambial em contrato. Contrato é a forma exigida para a sua transferência, liberando a oposição de exceções de caráter pessoal entre as partes cedente e cessionário.
Na cessão o cedente não é obrigado cambial. Ele apenas responde pela...
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PEÇA SUA AVALIAÇÃO- Livros e Revistas
- Endosso cambial
- Apresentação
- Prefácio
- O Crédito e seus Títulos
- O Endosso Cambial e o nosso Direito Positivo
- Títulos de Crédito Cambiais no Código Civil de 2002
- Títulos de Crédito Atípicos
- As Declarações Cambiais
- O Endosso
- Endosso e Capacidade Civil
- Tipos de Endosso
- Endosso em Branco
- Endosso em Preto
- Endosso Parcial
- Endosso com Cláusula 'Sem Protesto
- Endosso-Mandato (Mandato Cambiário)
- Endosso-Mandato à Ordem
- Endosso-Mandato Não à Ordem
- Endosso-Mandato e Prestação de Contas
- Renúncia e Revogação do Endosso-Mandato
- Endosso por Procuração
- Endosso-Caução (Endosso Pignoratício)
- Endosso Fiduciário
- Endosso Póstumo
- Endosso Póstumo. Exequibilidade
- Endosso Póstumo e Pedido de Falência
- Momento do Endosso
- Conversão do Endosso
- Elementos de Validade do Endosso
- Endosso e "Tradicio"
- Crédito Cambiário e Direito de Regresso
- Protesto Cambial e Direito de Regresso
- Confusão e Oposição de Compensação
- Restrição à Circulação
- Circulação Anômala
- Endosso Proibido
- Endosso e Cessão de Crédito
- Da Cláusula "Não à Ordem"
- A Solidariedade Cambial
- O Ressaque
- Exoneração de Responsabilidade do Endossante
- Cancelamento do Endosso
- Exceções Cambiárias - Algumas Considerações
- O Endosso Cambial e as Atividades de 'Factoring
- Legislação
- Bibliografia
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