Repouso Semanal Remunerado
Autor | Amauri Mascaro Nascimento/Sônia Mascaro Nascimento |
Páginas | 363-366 |
Page 363
As origens históricas do repouso semanal prendem-se aos costumes religiosos. Com a Revolução Industrial do século XVIII e as leis trabalhistas, tornou-se repouso semanal remunerado.
Os princípios aplicáveis ao repouso semanal remunerado são os que seguem:
Primeiro, a semanalidade, o que significa que a cada 6 dias segue-se o direito ao descanso semanal de 24 horas.
Segundo, a dominicalidade, mas há derrogações, uma vez que o descanso semanal é, preferentemente, no domingo, mas não obrigatoriamente. Pode ser concedido em outro dia da semana, compensatoriamente ao trabalho prestado no domingo.
O domingo é o dia de descanso em geral, mas há exceções. Há setores de atividade produtiva que estão autorizados a abrir nos domingos em razão das exigências técnicas da empresa (Lei
n. 605/49, art. 8º). Constituem exigências técnicas aquelas que, em razão do interesse público, ou pelas condições peculiares às atividades da empresa ou ao local onde se exercitarem, tornem indispensável a continuidade do trabalho, em todos ou alguns dos respectivos serviços (Decreto n.
27.048/49, art. 6º). Há uma relação do Ministério do Trabalho e Emprego com essas atividades, incluindo setores da indústria (ex.: laticínios), comércio (ex.: hotéis, hospitais etc.), transporte, comunicações, educação e cultura (ex.: museus e serviços funerários), agricultura e pecuária (ex.: limpeza e alimentação de animais). Nos serviços que exijam o trabalho nos domingos, com exceção dos teatrais e congêneres, é obrigatória escala de revezamento (Decreto n. 27.048/49, art. 6º, § 2º), sujeito à fiscalização. A finalidade é permitir a coincidência do descanso semanal com alguns domingos.
Terceiro, a inconversibilidade, uma vez que não é lícito converter em pagamento o direito ao descanso semanal, embora seja possível fazê-lo quanto aos feriados civis e religiosos (Lei n. 605/49, art. 9º), quanto a estes facultando-se ao empregador, alternativamente, a substituição por outro dia compensatório ou, sem compensação, o pagamento em dobro.
Quarto, a remunerabilidade, que é integral, igual à dos dias úteis, com inclusão até mesmo dos pagamentos correspondentes às horas extras.
Page 364
Uma tradição de índole religiosa, dos hebreus, os levava a descansar aos sábados. Segundo as Escrituras Sagradas, Deus, ao criar o Mundo, repousou no sétimo dia. Em Moisés, já é encontrada a determinação do descanso semanal: “Guarda o dia de sábado, para o santificar, como te ordenou o Senhor teu Deus” (5, v. 12). “Seis dias trabalharás e farás toda a tua obra” (5, v. 13). “Mas o sétimo dia é o sábado do Senhor teu Deus; não farás nenhuma obra nele, nem tu, nem teu filho, nem tua filha, nem o teu servo...
Para continuar a ler
PEÇA SUA AVALIAÇÃO- Iniciação ao Direito do Trabalho 2018
- Quinta Parte
- Jornada de Trabalho, Denominação do Tema. Fontes Formais
- Origens da Regulamentação Legal da Jornada de Trabalho
- Conceito de Jornada de Trabalho
- Classificação da Jornada de Trabalho
- Horas Extraordinárias: Fundamentos da Limitação da Jornada, Conceito e Classificação
- Acordo de Prorrogação de Horas
- Sistema de Compensação de Horas
- Horas Extras nos Casos de Força Maior
- Horas Extras para Conclusão de Serviços Inadiáveis
- Horas Extras para Reposição de Paralisações
- Empregados Excluídos da Proteção Legal da Jornada de Trabalho
- Horas Extras Ilícitas. Natureza do Adicional de Horas Extras. Adicionais Legais Mínimos. Redução da Jornada com Diminuição do Salário. Intervalos
- Repouso Semanal Remunerado
- Férias
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