Regras de direito intertemporal
Autor | Francisco Meton Marques De Lima/Francisco Péricles Rodrigues Marques De Lima |
Ocupação do Autor | Professor Titular da UFPI/Auditor-Fiscal do Trabalho |
Páginas | 94-95 |
Page 94
Tempus regit actum.
A lei nova, n. 13.429, de 31.3.2017, não alcançaria, em todos os seus efeitos, os contratos firmados sob a égide do direito anterior, salvo nos pontos que representam melhoria da condição social do trabalhador. O mesmo se aplica em relação à Lei n. 13.467/2017, da Reforma Trabalhista. É a regra. No entanto, a Medida Provisória n. 808, de 14.11.2017, preceitua em seu art. 2º que “O disposto na Lei n. 13.467, de 13 de julho de 2017, se aplica, na integralidade, aos contratos de trabalho vigentes”.
Todavia, a cláusula pétrea cravada no art. 5º, XXXVI, da Constituição preceitua: “a lei não prejudicará o direito adquirido, o ato jurídico perfeito e a coisa julgada”. “Não prejudicará”. Logo, quando a lei nova for mais favorável ao trabalhador, ela se aplica imediatamente; mas, se for prejudicial, não.
Assim também, a lei nova não alcança os contratos encerrados antes de sua vigência, os quais serão rescindidos e indenizados segundo a lei da época da rescisão.
Já a rescisão dos contratos iniciados antes da vigência da lei nova, mas terminados já na vigência desta regem-se pelo novo direito, porque para os direitos rescisórios ainda não havia se configurado direito adquirido, mas apenas expectativa de direito. Com efeito, diz Orlando Gomes, configura-se a “expectativa de direito quando ainda não se perfizeram os requisitos necessários ao seu advento”16.
Por outro lado, sendo o Direito do Trabalho um sistema de proteção ao trabalhador, as alterações legais somente apanham os contratos de trabalho vigentes quando representam progressão social. A propósito, Rosmary de Oliveira Pires e Arnaldo Afonso Barbosa17 trazem à colação a ementa de um Acórdão do Tribunal Regional do Trabalho da 3ª Região, Minas Gerais:
CONTRATOS DE TERCEIRIZAÇÃO VIGENTES. INEXISTÊNCIA DE ACORDO ENTRE AS PARTES. INAPLICABILIDADE DAS DISPOSIÇÕES CONTIDAS NA LEI N. 13.429/17. APLICAÇÃO DO ART. 19-C, DA LEI N. 6.019/1974. Por força do art. 19-C, da Lei n. 6.019/74, acrescido pela Lei n. 13.429/17, somente mediante acordo entre as partes poderão ser adequados os contratos vigentes às disposições contidas na Lei n. 6.019/74, imprimidas pela Lei n. 13.349/17. Inexistente comprovação nos autos de acordo entre as partes, não se aplicam as alterações da Lei n. 13.429/17 ao contrato de trabalho da reclamante. (TRT da 3ª Região; PJe: 0010355-43.2017.5.03.0009)
Page 95
Rosemary Pires e Armando Barbosa afirmam que, em relação à terceirização, as contratações...
Para continuar a ler
PEÇA SUA AVALIAÇÃO- Livros e Revistas
- Terceirização Total. Entenda Ponto por Ponto
- Apresentação
- Introdução
- As leis e outros normativos da terceirização
- Sinopse dos conceitos básicos da terceirização
- Questões iniciais sobre as quais se deve refletir
- Problemas conceituais
- Outsourcing ou terceirização
- Trabalho temporário
- Vigilância e transporte de valores
- Diferenças básicas entre trabalho temporário e prestação de serviços
- Terceirização pela via da lei do bem - n. 11.196/2005 - Trabalho intelectual, inclusive o de natureza científica, artística ou cultural
- Terceirização ilícita e limites da terceirização
- Terceirização no setor público
- Responsabilidade da contratante, da contratada e dos respectivos sócios
- Dez pontos positivos da terceirização total
- As 25 consequências negativas da franca terceirização
- Comentários ponto por ponto da Lei n. 6.019/1974, alterada pelas Leis ns. 13.429, de 31.3.2017 e 13.467 de 13.7.2017
- Regras de direito intertemporal
- Bibliografía
- Obras dos Autores
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