Questões vernaculares
Autor | Wladimir Novaes Martinez |
Ocupação do Autor | Advogado especialista em Direito Previdenciário |
Páginas | 22-23 |
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O Direito Previdenciário padece de enormes entraves interpretativos em virtude da linguagem adotada nas normas ou as decorrentes do uso cotidiano, até mesmo pelos especialistas. E da prática usual da jurisprudência.
Esse fato já foi salientado em muitas oportunidades e, agora, no ensejo, novas observações se justificam em razão da precária nomenclatura da lei e dos comentários doutrinários.
Para fins previdenciários não são muitos os que sabem a diferença entre enfermidade, agravo, doença, moléstia, patologia, incapacidade e invalidez. E, em particular, deficiência.
A utilização do vocábulo "especial", nunca recomendada em função de sua generalidade linguística, suscitará problemas quando da aplicação, integração e da interpretação. Desde já que fique claro: não existe aposentadoria especial da pessoa com deficiência, sem confundir o direito desta última pessoa trabalhando em ambiente insalubre.
O PLC originário aludiu seguidamente à aposentadoria especial, mas o Projeto substituto não usou essa expressão, preferindo falar em "aposentadoria da pessoa com deficiência" ou "ao segurado com deficiência", nesse sentido, que é mais correto.
Sem empregar uma redação técnica, a Carta Magna faz menção a "condições especiais" (de regra, reportando-se às atividades insalubres), quando cuida de benefícios que poderiam ser chamados de específicos (art. 40, § 4º e 201, § 1º), para não identificar com a aposentadoria especial (PBPS, arts. 57/58).
Muitos autores se reportam à aposentadoria especial do professor e ela deixou de existir em 1º.7.81 (!) O que subsiste, em verdade, é uma aposentadoria constitucional, com as suas próprias características.
A locução "condições especiais" também comparece no art. 96 do PBPS. Isso induziu muitos interessados a pensarem que se tratava da aposentadoria dos arts. 57/58 do PBPS, o que não é verdade.
Embora o legislador também empregue essa expressão no art. 57, § 8º, do PBPS, não logra embaraçar, pois o dispositivo se submete ao título da Subseção IV - Da Aposentadoria Especial, e de uma tradição desde a LOPS (1960).
Destarte, a LC n. 142/13 pouco cuidou da aposentadoria especial dos arts. 57/58 do PBPS e, sim, de trabalhadores que prestam serviços com limitações, indicando as
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pessoas com deficiência. Vale dizer, se refere apenas a seres humanos com deficiência, habilitados ou reabilitados para o trabalho, acometidos por variadas limitações (definidas na própria lei ou no regulamento).
Os segurados...
Para continuar a ler
PEÇA SUA AVALIAÇÃO- Livros e Revistas
- Benefícios Previdenciários das Pessoas com Deficiência
- Introdução
- Aspectos constitucionais
- Disciplina legal
- Regulamento da LPD
- Características gerais
- Questões vernaculares
- Principais conceitos
- Tipos de deficiência
- Limitações humanas
- Clientela protegida
- Segurado facultativo
- Requisitos básicos
- Deficiente professor
- Deficiente idoso
- Deficiente presidiário
- Deficiente rurícola
- Deficiente ex-combatente
- Estágio profissional
- Servidor público
- Tipos de prestações
- Benefício da LOAS
- Auxílio-doença
- Aposentadoria por invalidez
- Pensão por morte
- Acumulação de prestações
- Múltipla atividade
- Contagem recíproca
- Volta ao trabalho
- Renda mensal
- Provas do direito
- Presença de próteses
- Reabilitação profissional
- Conversão de tempo de contribuição
- Doença e deficiência
- Regressão e progressão
- Questões jurídicas
- Ingresso do incapaz
- Remissão ao RGPS
- Direito adquirido
- Direito procedimental
- Perícia médica
- Classificação das limitações
- Previdência complementar
- Acordo internacional
- Dano moral
- Obras do autor
- Anexo: LC n. 142/13
- Anexo: Lei n. 7.853/89
- Decreto n. 8.145/13
- Portaria Interministerial AGU/MPS/MF/SEDH/MP n. 1/14
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