Provas do Alegado
Autor | Wladimir Novaes Martinez |
Ocupação do Autor | Advogado especialista em Direito Previdenciário |
Páginas | 1134-1137 |
Page 1134
Os pedidos e os recursos baseiam-se em alegações (jurídicas) e acontecimentos confirmados (provas). Os relatos descritivos dos eventos têm de ser demonstrados, de preferência, à saciedade, para estimularem o convencimento do aplicador e do julgador.
A tentativa de persuasão cabe junto à administração ou perante o Poder Judiciário.
O CPC tem regra geral: "Todos os meios legais, bem como os moralmente legítimos, ainda que não especificados neste Código, são hábeis para provar a ver-dade dos fatos em que se funda a ação ou a defesa" (art. 332).
Eduardo Gabriel Saad opõe-se à extensão operada pelo art. 179 quando, indo além da lei, exige indício razoável de prova material também para a dependência econômica ("A Previdência Social e a Prova", São Paulo: LTr, in Supl. Trab. LTr n. 83/1997).
1701. Onus probandi - Segundo cediça afirmação e dispositivo adjetivo, a obrigação de confirmar é encargo de quem alega. Por exemplo, se o segurado afirma ter trabalhado em certa empresa durante determinado período, precisa juntar os comprovantes da declaração.
Muitas vezes, porém, o interessado não dispõe dos meios de convicção, em razão deles estarem acima de suas forças (caso do exame documentoscópico ou grafotécnico) ou inacessíveis (quedar-se na contabilidade da empresa). É uso e costume administrativo o segurado requerer a providência à autarquia ou aos órgãos julgadores. Neste caso, a certeza provirá do próprio INSS ou MPS.
Não evidenciado o fato pelo interessado é dado como inexistente.
1702. Campo de aplicação - Inexistem limites para os instrumentos de prova, exceto quando prescrito em contrário na normal legal. São admitidos todos os meios legais, regulares e morais. Mas tão somente exigidos os possíveis e pertinentes ao processo. Não podem ser impostas alegações negativas.
1703. meios admitidos - De modo geral, conforme o CPC, os instrumentos da prova variam: a) confissão; b) documentos; c) exame; d) vistorias; e) arbitra-
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mento; f) presunções; g) indícios; e h) depoimento (A Prova no Direito Previdenciário, 3. ed., São Paulo: LTr, 2012).
Os fatos alegados podem ser provados por meio de matéria (v. g., fita de vídeo, fotografia, filme, quadro, folha de papel, desenho, placa em obra de arte etc.), documentos (lato sensu), declarações escritas e depoimentos.
Qualquer objeto material presta-se para a persuasão, se ele permite exame de sua legitimidade e ancianidade. Ressalvam-se os microfilmes, quando pretender-se examinar a...
Para continuar a ler
PEÇA SUA AVALIAÇÃO- Curso de Direito Previdenciário
- Direito Previdenciário Procedimental
- Introdução
- Aspectos Científicos
- Princípios aplicáveis
- Características Elementares
- Organismos Decisórios
- Sujeitos da Relação
- Instrução Procedimental
- Questões Prejudiciais
- Nuanças das Decisões
- Provas do Alegado
- Prazos Recursais
- Sessão de Julgamento
- Procedimentos em Espécie
- Justificação Administrativa
- Pedido de Benefício
- Revisão de Cálculo
- Expedientes Voluntários
- Modalidades de Impugnações
- Mandado de Procedimento Fiscal
- Procedimento Fiscal
- Cobrança Administrativa
- Restituição de Contribuições
- Consulta Administrativa
- Revisão de Ofício
- Uniformização dos Julgados
- Conteúdo dos Recursos
- Inquérito Administrativo
- Decadência do Crédito
- Prescrição da Contribuição
- Recolhimento da Contribuição
- Benefício Assistencial
- Devido Processo Legal
- Suspensão de Benefícios
- Ação Regressiva
- Natureza Alimentar
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