O processo de impeachment será aberto ou secreto?
Autor | Ivar A. Hartmann |
Páginas | 241-243 |
Page 241
Na eleição dos membros da comissão do processo de impeachment, Eduardo Cunha implementou o voto secreto mesmo sem base explícita no regimento, na lei ou na Constituição.
Não foi sua primeira peripécia regimental nos últimos meses. Dessa vez, porém, o Supremo, que havia negado tantas liminares sobre o impeachment, não deixou de intervir.
Poucas horas depois, o ministro Edson Fachin concedeu liminar , suspendeu o processo do impeachment. Isso até decisão do plenário do tribunal que venha a paciicar a incerteza jurídica que tem rondado a questão até agora. O gatilho da liminar de Fachin foi justamente o uso do voto secreto por Cunha. Essa prática tende a se repetir cada vez menos no Congresso brasileiro por três razões.
Primeiro, o voto secreto de parlamentar, em qualquer hipótese, é excepcional. Pois é incompatível com o direito fundamental ao voto pelos eleitores brasileiros. Há diversas precondições para o exercício desse direito. Sem uma imprensa livre, ele ica esvaziado. É igualmente inútil se não há acesso a informações sobre a atuação dos agentes públicos. Voto no escuro não é voto, é cara ou coroa. Acima de tudo, o voto pressupõe a possibilidade de saber o que izeram as pessoas eleitas.
Representar é diferente de escolher em interesse próprio. Voto secreto de parlamentar é incompatível com um sistema representativo que proteja o direito do cidadão ao seu voto individual. Esconder uma decisão de um representante eleito é tão grave quanto barrar o acesso do eleitor à urna. Ao menos no segundo caso a violação é transparente. No voto secreto, nem isso.
Page 242
Fachin suspende processo de impeachment contra Dilma
Nossa Constituição prevê uma lista pequena de casos de voto secreto. São restrições frontais um direito fundamental e, portanto, essa lista não deve ser ampliada. Nem por emenda constitucional. E certamente não por alteração do regimento interno das casas do Congresso. Mas essas restrições podem ser eliminadas.
Aí entra a segunda razão da gradual abolição do voto secreto. Mais do que antes, os eleitores brasileiros hoje compreendem a gravi-dade do voto secreto dos parlamentares. E esses perceberam isso. Abrir o voto no impeachment de Collor foi, na época, um fato isolado. Agora, porém, vemos um processo gradual e constante de mudança rumo à transparência. Ela começou com os casos nos quais o voto secreto é mais grave: a decisão sobre o destino de um colega. O então deputado Natan Donadon foi absolvido pelo voto...
Para continuar a ler
PEÇA SUA AVALIAÇÃO- O Supremo em 2015
- Os três poderes
- Respeito aos outros poderes é marca do governo Dilma?
- A PEC do desrespeito ao Supremo
- Quando o casuísmo muda a Constituição
- Um recado para o STF
- A pedalada constitucional de Eduardo Cunha
- Nem notável saber jurídico, nem reputação ilibada
- Fachin não encantou, nem escandalizou
- Ligações perigosas
- O processo de impeachment será aberto ou secreto?
- O Estatuto da Família e a voz do Congresso
- Supremo precisa discutir afastamento de Cunha da Presidência da Câmara
- Concentrador, errático e arriscado: o processo de escolha de Fachin
- A política como inimiga
- Qual ministro indicado pelo PT para o STF teve mais votos no Senado?
- A história dos rejeitados
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