A pedalada constitucional de Eduardo Cunha
Autor | Michael Freitas Mohallem |
Páginas | 229-230 |
Page 229
A segunda votação da redução da maioridade penal pela Câmara, pouco depois de tê-la rejeitado, torna inútil uma norma da Constituição.
A maturação de qualquer iniciativa legislativa - especialmente uma proposta de emenda constitucional - não se dá através de um processo de erro e acerto no calor do plenário. A deinição do melhor texto, da melhor fórmula - se tráico, crime hediondo ou redução linear, no caso da PEC da maioridade penal -, são justamente questões para a Comissão Especial sobre o tema, onde não há qualquer limitação de novo voto de matérias rejeitadas.
Quem coloca uma PEC em votação para "ver se cola" deve assumir esse risco. Como Eduardo Cunha deu ultimato à Comissão e apressou a votação em plenário, é razoável supor que sabia do perigo de que, se derrotada, a matéria voltasse para a geladeira. Se o presidente da Câmara pode colocar a proposta em votação quando quiser, não o pode fazer quantas vezes quiser. São as regras do jogo democrático que, se quebradas, pedem intervenção do Supremo.
Agora, superada essa etapa na Câmara e seguindo o mesmo roteiro da PEC do inanciamento empresarial para partidos políticos, o assunto segue para o Supremo.
Como regra geral, o STF não deve interferir no processo legislativo. Mas emendas à Constituição são um caso à parte e as exigências são maiores. O §5º do art. 60, até então raramente discutido, conjuga em si dois importantíssimos freios institucionais. Ao mesmo tempo em que limita o poder de agenda do presidente da casa legislativa, acres-
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centa cautela adicional à votação de PEC. Impõe um custo para quem mudar a Constituição. É como se o artigo dissesse: "pense bem se essa PEC deve ser votada, com esse texto, neste momento; se for derrotada, só no ano que vem". É um mecanismo de autopreservação da Constituição.
Mas a depender de sua jurisprudência recente, é possível que o STF cometa um erro. Os ministros vinham entendendo que as votações de proposições acessórias de emenda e da emenda em si são coisas diferentes, de modo que votá-las...
Para continuar a ler
PEÇA SUA AVALIAÇÃO- O Supremo em 2015
- Os três poderes
- Respeito aos outros poderes é marca do governo Dilma?
- A PEC do desrespeito ao Supremo
- Quando o casuísmo muda a Constituição
- Um recado para o STF
- A pedalada constitucional de Eduardo Cunha
- Nem notável saber jurídico, nem reputação ilibada
- Fachin não encantou, nem escandalizou
- Ligações perigosas
- O processo de impeachment será aberto ou secreto?
- O Estatuto da Família e a voz do Congresso
- Supremo precisa discutir afastamento de Cunha da Presidência da Câmara
- Concentrador, errático e arriscado: o processo de escolha de Fachin
- A política como inimiga
- Qual ministro indicado pelo PT para o STF teve mais votos no Senado?
- A história dos rejeitados
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