Melindrosa e sagrada
Autor | Felipe Recondo, Rodrigo Kaufmann |
Páginas | 103-109 |
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"Melindrosa e sagrada", a função que a presidente Dilma Rousseff terá de exercer em fevereiro próximo. Era assim, com estas duas palavras, que Rui Barbosa deinia a tarefa dos presidentes da República de indicarem nomes para preencher uma vaga aberta no Supremo Tribunal Federal (STF): melindrosa e sagrada.
Uma citação de mais de 100 anos, mas que apareceu recentemente na correspondência entre um ministro em via de deixar o Supremo e um presidente da República, a quem caberia substituí-lo. E duas palavras que bem traduzem a demora da presidente Dilma Rousseff em indicar o substituto do ministro Joaquim Barbosa para o tribunal.
Já se vão seis meses desde que o ministro se aposentou. As preocupações da presidente estiveram, evidentemente, voltadas para a renovação de seu mandato e, neste momento, para a composição de seu governo. Se por um lado a demora na indicação de um nome é ruim para o Tribunal a reduzir parte de sua autonomia institucional (o Presidente Floriano Peixoto, por exemplo, utilizou-se do estratagema da demora nas indicações em 1894 para inviabilizar a Corte em virtude do prejuízo do quórum plenário), não se nega também o peso e a importância desse momento a exigir plena serenidade e total atenção do Presidente da República, especialmente na concorrência de um período eleitoral. O início do ano legislativo e a superação de alguns obstáculos abrem o processo de escolha.
A Constituição, no seu artigo 101, estabelece um requisito objetivo e induvidoso: idade superior a 35 anos e inferior a 65 anos. As
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duas outras exigências constitucionais são intangíveis: notável saber jurídico e reputação ilibada.
A mistura desses requisitos constitucionais com a percepção do presidente de que esta é uma escolha que não admite erros torna a eleição um ritual complexo, com alta carga de subjetividade. Assim, cada presidente estabelece sua lógica para decisões nem sempre infalíveis.
O presidente Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva estabeleceu um critério que poderia ser bem identiicado com a ideia de pluralidade. Nas indicações que fez, foram ao STF um nordestino, uma mulher, um afrodescendente, um ministro com peril mais conservador, dois advogados, um juiz de carreira, um magistrado oriundo da advocacia. Este é um bom critério? O gênero da escolha pode se sobrepor aos requisitos necessários para a função nobre de resguardar a Constituição? Certo ou errado, bom ou ruim, é preciso recordar que o presidente reconheceu a alguns auxiliares certa insatisfação com suas escolhas.
Para chegar ao nome, adotava um método particularmente intuitivo, servindo-se de sua sensibilidade política para chegar ao escolhido. Ele testava os nomes, soltava-os despretensiosamente para aliados e conselheiros, ouvia os comentários, coletava informações desinteressadas, avaliava as reações positivas e negativas.
Foi assim, dizem pessoas próximas ao ex-presidente, que o ministro Luiz Fux icou pelo caminho numa das eleições em que aparecia como forte candidato à vaga, em...
Para continuar a ler
PEÇA SUA AVALIAÇÃO- O Supremo em 2015
- Desafios institucionais
- Três desafios para o Supremo
- A monocratização do STF
- Supremo oscilante
- Crise constitucional brasileira? A desarmonia entre os poderes
- Federalismo e meio ambiente: o Supremo não é a solução
- Por que Lewandowski não pauta a ação da OAB sobre financiamento de campanha, retida por Gilmar?
- Qual o papel do relator no Supremo? Duas respostas em tensão no caso da pederastia
- Para que servem as audiências públicas no STF?
- O que significa o presidente Lewandowski receber o presidente Cunha com a imprensa em frente?
- Campanha para ministro do Supremo?
- Melindrosa e sagrada
- A história do processo que não termina
- Como Luiz Edson Fachin entrará para a História?
- Quando o STF descumpre a Lei de Acesso à Informação
- Marco Aurélio Mello: 25 anos de STF
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