Introdução ao Direito Penal
Autor | Marli Emilia Reis dos Santos Petrosino |
Páginas | 19-23 |
Page 19
A classificação de Direito Penal sempre foi criticada, pois penal abrange "pena" e não medidas de segurança. Por essa razão, indagase constantemente: por que Direito Penal e não Direito Criminal?
A expressão Direito Criminal no Brasil só foi usada em 1830, no Código Criminal do Império. Nos demais, foi sempre utilizada a expressão Direito Penal, para definição de um conjunto de normas que visam a definir condutas típicas, ou seja, crimes, proibindo ou impondo condutas, sob ameaça de sanção para os imputáveis e medidas de segurança para os inimputáveis.
- Códigos Penais editados em nosso país:
- Código Criminal do Império do Brasil, aprovado em 16 de dezembro de 1830;
- Código Penal dos Estados Unidos do Brasil, Decreto n o 847 de 11 de outubro de 1890;
- Consolidação das Leis Penais, aprovada e adotada pelo Decreto nº 22.213, de 14 de dezembro de 1932;
- Código Penal, Decreto-Lei n o 2.848, de 7 de dezembro de 1940, cuja parte especial, com algumas alterações, está em vigor até hoje;
- Código Penal, Decreto-Lei n o 1.004, de 21 de outubro de 1969, que permaneceu por um período de nove anos em va-
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catio legis, tendo sido revogado pela Lei nº 6.578, de 11 de outubro de 1978, sem sequer ter entrado em vigor;
- Código Penal, Lei no 7.209, de 11 de julho de 1984, que revogou a parte geral do Código Penal de 1940.
O Direito Penal ainda abrange todas as leis penais extravagantes, tais como: Lei das Contravenções Penais - Decreto-Lei nº 3.688/1941; Lei de Execução Penal - Lei nº 7.210/1984; Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente - Lei nº 8.069/1990; Lei dos Crimes Ambientais - Lei nº 9.605/1998; Lei de Armas de Fogo - Lei nº 10.826/2003; Lei para coibir a violência doméstica e familiar contra a mulher - Lei no 11.340/2006; Lei sobre as drogas - Lei nº 11.343/2006, entre outras.
Direito Penal é o ramo do Direito Público pelo qual o Estado aplica seu poder punitivo, definido por meio de um conjunto de normas editadas pelo próprio Estado - Direito Objetivo -, deter-minando as infrações penais e, conseqüentemente, classificando e estabelecendo sanções aplicáveis aos infratores - Direito Subjetivo.
As infrações penais são compostas por Crimes ou Delitos e Contravenções Penais. O não-cumprimento das normas estabelecidas ocasiona a imposição de uma sanção penal.
A sanção penal é dividida em: Penas e Medidas de Segurança.
O...
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PEÇA SUA AVALIAÇÃO- Livros e Revistas
- Direito Penal. Parte Geral. Provas & Concursos
- Dedicatória
- Prefácio
- Introdução ao Direito Penal
- Princípios do Direito Penal
- Fontes do Direito Penal
- Normas do Direito Penal
- Interpretação da Lei Penal
- Da Aplicação da Lei Penal
- Do Crime
- Da Imputabilidade Penal
- Do Concurso de Pessoas
- Das Penas
- Das Medidas de Segurança
- Da Ação Penal
- Da Extinção da Punibilidade
- Bibliografia
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