Introdução
Autor | Alice Saldanha Villar |
Páginas | 15-16 |
Page 15
O vocábulo jurisprudência, em seu sentido etimológico, significa justa prudência (do latim: jus "justo" + prudentia "prudência"). Já numa acepção técnica, refere-se ao conjunto das decisões judiciais reiteradas num mesmo sentido através da interpretação e aplicação do Direito ao caso concreto.
A publicação das Súmulas constitui o resultado da atividade jurisprudencial realizada pelos Tribunais para registrar a síntese da interpretação pacífica ou majoritária sobre determinado tema. Trata-se de um procedimento de uniformização de jurisprudência no qual, ao mesmo tempo em que se reforça e segurança jurídica por meio da estabilidade da jurisprudência, simplifica-se o julgamento das questões mais freqüentes perante o Judiciário com vistas a impedir a morosidade processual.
Conforme prevê o Regimento Interno do STF, a jurisprudência assentada pelo Supremo Tribunal Federal será compendiada na Súmula do Tribunal. A inclusão de enunciados na Súmula, bem como a sua alteração ou cancelamento, serão deliberados em Plenário, por maioria absoluta (art. 102, caput e § 1º do RISTF).
Vale lembrar que a palavra "Súmula" (do latim: summula), que significa "sumário" ou "resumo", foi o termo cunhado pelo Ministro Victor Nunes Leal, no ano de 1963, para sistematizar em enunciados curtos o que o Supremo Tribunal Federal vinha decidindo reiteradamente nos seus julgamentos. Como bem apontou Fernando de Almeida1, "na terminologia original e ainda na terminologia regimental, a expressão "Súmula" se referia ao conjunto dos "enunciados", publicada e atualizada periodicamente; a prática posterior consagrou também o uso de "Súmula" significando cada enunciado".
O art. 103-A da Constituição Federal de 1988, trazido pela Emenda Constitucional n. 45 de 2004, veio permitir ao Supremo Tribunal Federal aprovar Súmulas Vinculantes e aplicação obrigatória para os demais órgãos do Poder Judiciário e Administração Pública direta e indireta. De acordo com o mencionado dispositivo constitucional, "o Supremo Tribunal Federal poderá, de ofício ou por provocação, mediante decisão de dois terços dos seus membros, após reiteradas decisões sobre matéria constitucional, aprovar Súmula que, a partir de sua publicação na imprensa oficial, terá efeito vinculante em relação aos demais órgãos do Poder Judiciário e à Administração Pública direta e indireta, nas esferas federal, estadual e municipal, bem como proceder à sua revisão ou cancelamento, na forma estabelecida em lei".
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PEÇA SUA AVALIAÇÃO- Livros e Revistas
- Direito Sumular STF
- Dedicatoria
- Apresentação
- Prefácio
- Introdução
- Nota à 2ª edição
- Direito civil
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- Direito administrativo
- Direito constitucional
- Direito penal
- Processo penal
- Direito empresarial
- Direito previdenciário
- Direito do trabalho e processual do trabalho
- Direito tributário e processual tributário
- Direito processual civil
- Direito internacional
- Sistema financeiro nacional
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- Referências
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