Introdução
Autor | Elmana Viana Lucena Esmeraldo |
Ocupação do Autor | Analista Judiciária do Tribunal Regional Eleitoral do Pará |
Páginas | 39-43 |
Page 39
O “processo eleitoral”, em sua acepção material, constitui um complexo de atos destinados a disciplinar o regular exercício do sufrágio e do voto, abrangendo as convenções partidárias, o registro dos candidatos, as regras de arrecadação e gastos nas campanhas eleitorais, a propaganda eleitoral, as eleições, a proclamação dos eleitos, a prestação de contas e a diplomação.
Dentro desse processo, diversos são os ilícitos que podem ser praticados, interferindo na manifestação da vontade do corpo eleitoral e maculando o resultado apurado nas urnas, ferindo, frontalmente, a própria democracia.
O poder público, no combate a esses ilícitos, deve agir de forma preventiva, através do poder de polícia a ser exercido pelo Juiz Eleitoral ou por aqueles que compõem as Comissões de Fiscalização de Propaganda Eleitoral, bem como pela ação fiscalizatória a ser exercida pelo Ministério Público, partidos políticos, coligações, candidatos e pelo povo, e de forma repressiva, aplicando sanções aos infratores, por meio das ações.
Para isso, o legislador introduziu, na ordem jurídica, instrumentos processuais destinados a controlar a regularidade do processo eleitoral, sendo certo que a sua adequada utilização revela eficiência para expungir, das contendas eleitorais, as práticas impedientes do escorreito exercício do direito de voto, bem como para garantir a legitimidade do resultado obtido nas urnas.
É nesse contexto que surge o “processo contencioso eleitoral”, identificado pela relação jurídica instaurada entre as partes e o Estado-Juiz com a finalidade de resolver essas demandas eleitorais e permitir a preservação da liberdade do voto e da legitimidade e normalidade do pleito.
A legislação eleitoral, codificada e esparsa, produzida em momentos históricos e circunstâncias políticas diversos, elaborada em regime de exceção e em períodos democráticos mais recentes, destinados, em regra, a regulamentar uma determinada eleição, acrescida às constantes alterações legislativas e jurisprudenciais, faz do direito eleitoral um ramo bastante peculiar e, em face da importância que representa para o sustentáculo da democracia, urge por uma im-
Page 40
postergável consolidação, unindo todas as normas regulamentadoras em um só documento, partindo-se para um campo de claridade, com o fito de torná-lo mais eficaz aos fins a que se propõe.
Embora o problema retromencionado atinja o direito eleitoral em sua totalidade...
Para continuar a ler
PEÇA SUA AVALIAÇÃO- Processo Eleitoral - Sistematização das Ações Eleitorais
- -
- Agradecimentos
- Prefácio
- Nota à terceira edição
- Influxos do Novo Código de Processo Civil no Âmbito Eleitoral
- Introdução
- Representações Eleitorais
- Representação por Propaganda Irregular
- Pedido de Resposta
- Representação por Captação Ilícita de Sufrágio (Art. 41-A da Lei nº 9.504/97)
- Representação por Captação e Gastos Ilícitos em Campanha (art. 30-A da Lei nº 9.504/97)
- Representação pelas Condutas Vedadas aos Agentes Públicos em Campanha
- Representação por doação acima do limite legal (art. 23 da Lei nº 9.504/97)
- Representação Eleitoral na Pesquisa Eleitoral
- Ação de Impugnação de Registro de Candidatura - AIRC
- Ação de Investigação Judicial Eleitoral - AIJE
- Recurso Contra a Expedição do Diploma - RCED
- Ação de Impugnação do Mandato Eletivo - AIME
- Ação Rescisória Eleitoral
- Ação de Justificação de Desfiliação Partidária
- Ação de Perda do Mandato Eletivo por Infidelidade Partidária
- Análise da Lei Complementar nº 135, de 4 de junho de 2010 - 'Lei da Ficha Limpa
- Recursos
- Efeitos da Nulidade dos Votos Atribuídos a candidatos sem registro ou inelegíveis ou cujo registro, diploma ou mandato foi cassado pela Justiça Eleitoral
- Cobrança e Execução das Multas Eleitorais
- Representação do art. 45, VI e § 1º, da Lei nº 9.504/97 - Divulgação de nome de candidato ou veiculação de programa apresentado ou comentado por pretenso candidato
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