Introdução
Autor | James Magno Araújo Farias |
Ocupação do Autor | Desembargador do Tribunal Regional do Trabalho da 16ª Região/MA; Presidente (2016/2017); Corregedor Regional (2014/2015) |
Páginas | 21-22 |
Page 21
Na pós-modernidade o mundo está repleto de manifestações de insatisfação popular; ao mesmo tempo há uma constante meta-morfose de classes, uma multiplicação de novas formas de organização grupal, mudanças nas relações familiares, conflitos jurídicos, integrações e desintegrações socioculturais em face de migrações. O mundo está diferente na aparência e na essência, tomado que está por uma superficialidade e uma descartabilidade consumista.
O mundo vive uma nova crise dos direitos sociais, em tempos de busca de sua maturidade, preservação e efetivação. A ascensão do neoliberalismo no final do século XX e a crise financeira no final da primeira década do século XXI levaram às mais variadas discussões: será que o empregado não poderia estar mais protegido contra as vicissitudes do mundo do trabalho? Não poderia haver mecanismos mais benéficos à proteção ao emprego, que permitissem ao trabalhador planejar gastos e investimentos em longo prazo, algo que ele não pode fazer em um mercado de mão de obra farta e caracterizado pela instabili-dade no emprego? Os encargos sociais não poderiam ser mais racionalizados?
Em qualquer parte do Planeta, a questão do emprego assume contornos extremos e diferenciados. No Brasil, a luta dos trabalhadores é para impedir a flexibilização da legislação e a perda de direitos constitucionais sociais. Na Itália, a luta é para impedir a revogação do art. 18 do Estatuto dos Trabalhadores, que lhes garante estabilidade no emprego. Na Argentina, o desafio é preservar o emprego a qualquer custo. Na Europa Ocidental, o objetivo é atrair capital e investimentos que possibilitem a criação de novos empregos e impedir que postos de trabalho migrem para países periféricos. Na Indo-nésia, o desejo do trabalhador é conseguir inserir-se no mercado formal de emprego. Na África do Sul, a questão posta já seria a integração da maioria negra excluída dos melhores empregos durante décadas de apartheid. E o que falar da Síria, com sua economia devastada pela terrível guerra civil? Se fosse possível enumerá-los aqui, em cada país haveria um contexto diferente, mas que refletiria um desejo igual de todos: obter um emprego e nele permanecer pelo maior tempo possível.
A imensa maioria dos trabalhadores convive diariamente com o medo do desemprego. Em todo o mundo. Ao receber a notícia de sua...
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