Introdução
Autor | Wladimir Novaes Martinez |
Ocupação do Autor | Advogado especialista em Direito Previdenciário |
Páginas | 1083-1088 |
Page 1083
No bojo do Direito Previdenciário, uma de suas divisões destaca-se das demais, expondo características próprias polarizadas para a solução de problemas adjetivos do dia a dia da relação jurídica de Previdência Social. Trata-se do Direito Previdenciário Procedimental, área avaramente abordada pela doutrina e a merecer meticulosa atenção dos estudiosos.
Sua apresentação pressupõe sistematização, convindo, inicialmente, sejam abordados aspectos preambulares.
1611. regras pretéritas - Instituída a Previdência Social em 24.1.1923, em virtude dos conflitos entre os solicitantes de prestações e os órgãos gestores das antigas Caixas, tornou-se necessário compor os dissídios no âmbito administrativo e judicial.
O Decreto Legislativo n. 4.682/1923 (Lei Eloy Marcondes de Miranda Chaves) dizia: da decisão do Conselho de Administração da Caixa "contrária à concessão da aposentadoria ou pensão haverá recurso para o juiz de direito do cível da comarca onde tiver sede a empresa. Onde houver mais de uma vara, competirá à primeira. Esses processos terão marcha sumária e correrão independentemente de quaisquer custas ou selos" (art. 31).
No artigo seguinte previa o Conselho Nacional do Trabalho - CTN (art. 32), órgão superior correspondente ao hoje MPS e reestruturado pelo Decreto-lei n. 6.597/1940.
A Lei n. 5.109/1926 inaugurou o Direito Previdenciário Procedimental, criando o Recurso Administrativo ex officio ao CNT e o referente à cessação da pensão por morte (art. 21, § 1º).
Por sua vez, o Decreto n. 20.465/1931 admitia apelação do segurado ou dependente ao CNT, dentro do prazo de 30 dias contados da decisão tomada por ferrovia causadora de prejuízo ao ferroviário (art. 51). Da multa fixada pelo mesmo CNT, cabia contestação ao Ministério do Trabalho, Indústria e Comércio - MTIC (art. 58). Esse ato normativo foi o primeiro a criar a justificação judicial de tempo de serviço.
Com o Decreto n. 5.493/1940 implantou-se a justificação avulsa na esfera do IAPC, estendida a todos os IAP pelo Decreto-lei n. 2.410/1940.
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O Decreto-lei n. 8.742/1946 substituiu o CNT pelo Departamento Nacional de Previdência Social - DNPS. A Câmara de Previdência Social do CNT foi transformada em Conselho Superior de Previdência Social - CSPS (Decreto-lei n. 8.738/1946).
Já o Decreto n. 26.778/1949 concebeu recurso ao CSPS ou DNPS, interposto perante o Presidente da CAP ou IAP (art. 54). O Decreto n. 22.872/1933, instituidor do IAPM, contemplou inconformidade ao CNT (art. 77, d). O art. 178 do Decreto n. 32.667/1953, reorganizador do IAPC, permitiu recorrer da decisão do presidente da autarquia ao DNPS ou CSPS.
Em seus arts. 32, § 3º e 60, a LOPS regulamentou a justificação administrativa, um futuro procedimento interno dos IAPs.
A Constituição Federal de 1967, em seu art. 111, dizia: "A lei poderá criar contencioso administrativo e atribuir-lhe competência para o julgamento das causas mencionadas no artigo anterior".
A matéria nunca foi regulamentada em nível infraconstitucional e desapareceu na Carta Magna de 1988. Esta Lei Maior diz em seu art. 5º, LV: "aos litigantes, em processo judicial ou administrativo, e aos acusados em geral são assegurados o contraditório e ampla defesa, com os meios e recursos a ela inerentes".
1612. disciplina tributária - Na órbita do Ministério da Fazenda, embora conheça antecedentes remotos o Decreto-lei n. 822/1969 marcou momento significativo da regulamentação: "O Poder Executivo regulará o processo administrativo de determinação e exigência de créditos tributários federais, penalidades, empréstimos compulsórios e o de consulta" (art. 2º).
No âmbito federal, com o Decreto n. 70.235/1972 regrou-se o contencioso administrativo de forma...
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PEÇA SUA AVALIAÇÃO- Curso de Direito Previdenciário
- Direito Previdenciário Procedimental
- Introdução
- Aspectos Científicos
- Princípios aplicáveis
- Características Elementares
- Organismos Decisórios
- Sujeitos da Relação
- Instrução Procedimental
- Questões Prejudiciais
- Nuanças das Decisões
- Provas do Alegado
- Prazos Recursais
- Sessão de Julgamento
- Procedimentos em Espécie
- Justificação Administrativa
- Pedido de Benefício
- Revisão de Cálculo
- Expedientes Voluntários
- Modalidades de Impugnações
- Mandado de Procedimento Fiscal
- Procedimento Fiscal
- Cobrança Administrativa
- Restituição de Contribuições
- Consulta Administrativa
- Revisão de Ofício
- Uniformização dos Julgados
- Conteúdo dos Recursos
- Inquérito Administrativo
- Decadência do Crédito
- Prescrição da Contribuição
- Recolhimento da Contribuição
- Benefício Assistencial
- Devido Processo Legal
- Suspensão de Benefícios
- Ação Regressiva
- Natureza Alimentar
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