A instituição do governo não é um contrato
Autor | Jean-Jacques Rousseau |
Páginas | 165-166 |
Page 165
Uma vez bem estabelecido o Poder Legislativo, trata-se de estabelecer igualmente o Poder Executivo, porque este, que só atua por meio de atos particulares, não sendo essência do outro, está naturalmente separado dele. Se fosse possível que um soberano, como tal considerado, tivesse o Poder Executivo, seriam de tal modo confundidos o direito e o fato de modo que não se saberia mais o que é a lei e o que não o é, e o corpo político, assim desnaturalizado, breve seria presa da violência contra a qual foi instituído.
Sendo os cidadãos todos iguais pelo contrato social, todos podem prescrever o que todos podem fazer, ao passo que ninguém tem o direito de exigir que outro faça o que ele mesmo não faz. Ora, é justamente este direito, indispensável para dar vida e movimentar o corpo político, que o soberano confere ao príncipe ao instituir o governo.
Pretenderam muitos que o ato desse estabelecimento fosse um contrato entre o povo e os chefes que ele nomeia, contrato pelo qual se estipulava entre as duas partes as condições pelas quais uma se obrigava a mandar e
Page 166
a outra a obedecer. Há que convir, estou certo, que é um modo estranho de contratar. Mas vejamos se é sustentável essa opinião.
Primeiramente, a autoridade suprema não pode modificar-se, nem alienar-se; limitá-la é destruí-la. É absurdo e contraditório que o soberano se dê um superior; obrigar-se a obedecer a um senhor é colocar-se...
Para continuar a ler
PEÇA SUA AVALIAÇÃO- Do contrato social. Princípios do direito político
- Livro Terceiro
- Livro Terceiro
- Do governo em geral
- Do princípio que constitui as diversas formas de governo
- Divisão dos governos
- Da democracia
- Da aristocracia
- Da monarquia
- Dos governos mistos
- Nem toda forma de governo é adequada a todos os países
- Dos sinais de um bom governo
- Do abuso do governo e da sua tendência a se degenerar
- Da morte do corpo político
- Como se mantém a autoridade soberana
- Continuação
- Continuação
- Dos deputados ou representantes
- A instituição do governo não é um contrato
- Da instituição do governo
- Meio de prevenir as usurpações do governo
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