O início de prova material e a exigência do INSS
Autor | Marcos Scalércio - Sérgio Henrique Salvador - Theodoro Vicente Agostinho |
Páginas | 56-59 |
Page 56
Questão altamente intrincada e porque não dizer necessária, é a discussão em torno do início de prova material dentro do Direito Previdenciário.
De fato, sob a ótica do Direito Previdenciário, o início de prova material tem sido alvo de grandes e ricas discussões jurídicas dentro dessa fértil seara.
A exigência do início de prova material para homologação das decisões trabalhistas pelo INSS tem guarida no art. 55, § 3º, da Lei n. 8.213/91, senão vejamos:
“§ 3º A comprovação do tempo de serviço para os efeitos desta Lei, inclusive mediante justificação administrativa ou judicial, conforme o disposto no art. 108, só produzirá efeito quando baseada em início de prova material, não sendo admitida prova exclusivamente testemunhal, salvo na ocorrência de motivo de força maior ou caso fortuito, conforme disposto no Regulamento”.
Seguindo o ato normativo, a vigente e atual Instrução Normativa INSS/DC n. 77/2015 disciplina, em vias administrativas, os procedimentos a serem adotados quando da apresentação de uma sentença da Justiça do Trabalho, consoante seus arts. 71 a 75, tal qual será melhor explorado em capítulo próprio.
E tal problemática permeia a discussão do pacto de benefícios, já que, por exemplo, a atividade rural sem o aludido início obstaculiza o acesso do abrigado a diversas prestações, já que tão somente o uso da prova testemunhal possui óbice legal, impedindo a Administração Pública de aceitar exclusivamente tal meio probatório.
Porém, no caso de sentença trabalhista de reconhecimento de vínculo, os ares são outros, ou seja, um legítimo pronunciamento de um Poder da República atesta a existência de um fato.
É que a autarquia previdenciária admite plena validade à sentença laboral apenas se esta estiver fundada em início de prova material, vale dizer uma condicionante, obstáculo de plena aceitação desse comando sentencial.
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Por início ou indício de prova material, entende-se como aquele lastro documental, formal, indiciário, de modo a dar arrimo e suporte a algum fato a ser demonstrado.
Nesse sentido, a lição esclarecedora do Procurador Federal e Mestre pela Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, Professor Hermes Arrais Alencar:
“Para inserção do tempo trabalhado nos cadastros da previdência social, para efeito de obtenção de benefício previdenciário, exige-se a apresentação de documento contemporâneo ao fato que se colima comprovar, denominado início de prova material”. (ALENCAR, 2011. p. 430)
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PEÇA SUA AVALIAÇÃO- Livros e Revistas
- A sentença trabalhista e suas repercussões no direito previdenciário
- Agradecimentos
- Apresentação
- Prefácio
- Cita
- Introdução
- O direito previdenciário: conceito, objeto e classificação
- Processo previdenciário: administrativo e judicial
- O CPC/15 e seus reflexos previdenciários: uma breve abordagem
- A constitucional competência da justiça do trabalho
- Os meios probatórios do processo trabalhista
- Características e efeitos da sentença trabalhista
- Teoria da eficácia natural da sentença
- O início de prova material e a exigência do INSS
- O entendimento administrativo do INSS
- As novidades da instrução normativa n. 77/2015
- Posição da jurisprudência e a súmula n. 31 da TNU
- Questões reflexivas e atuais
- Conclusão
- Referências bibliográficas
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