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Habeas Data
Autor | Manoel Antonio Teixeira Filho |
Páginas | 2977-2979 |
Page 2977
O habeas data é uma figura relativamente nova, em nosso sistema jurídico. Foi introduzida pela Constituição Federal de 1988 (art. 5.°, LXXII).
Sua finalidade é: a) assegurar o conhecimento de informações pertinentes à pessoa interessada, constante de registros ou banco de dados de entidades governamentais ou de caráter público; b) retificação de dados, quando o interessado não preferir fazê-lo por processo sigiloso, seja judicial ou administrativo (ibidem, a e b).
A Lei n. 9.507, de 12 de novembo de 1997 — que regulou o direito de acesso a informações e disciplinou o rito processual do habeas data —, considera como de caráter público todo registro ou banco de dados contendo informações que sejam ou possam ser transmitidas a terceiros ou que não sejam de uso privativo do órgão ou entidade produtora ou depositária das informações (art. 1.°, p arágadfo único). Portanto, a Lei reputa como de caráter público qualquer entidade, mesmo privada, que armazena dados para serem utilizados por ela ou por terceiro. Sob este aspecto legal, devem ser considerados como entidades de caráter público o Serviço de Proteção ao Crédito (SPC), o SERASA e outros órgãos congêneres, ainda que sejam instituições privadas. É oportuno observar que o caput do art. 1.° foi vet ado.
Poder-se-ia imaginar que um empregado não poderia fazer uso do habeas data, na Justiça do Trabalho, para obter conhecimento de informações pessoais constantes de registros existentes na empresa para a qual trabalhasse, se esta fosse de natureza privada. Esta suposição estaria baseada na letra a do inciso LXXII do art. 5.° da Constituição Federal, que faz inequívoca referência a “entidades governamentais ou de caráter público”. A propósito, o caput do art. 1.° da Lei n. 9.507/97 possuía a seguinte redação: “Toda pessoa tem o direito de acesso a informações relativas à sua pessoa, constantes de registro ou banco de dados de entidades governamentais ou de caráter público”. Essa disposição, contudo, foi vetada pelo Presidente da República, sob o argumento de que transbordava da norma constitucional, ao impor aos entes governamentais e às entidades de caráter público encargos ou condutas não autorizadas pela Constituição da República. Este veto não foi rejeitado pelo Congresso Nacional.
Voltemos ao ponto principal. A ideia de que o empregado de empresa privada não poderia promover habeas data é algo equivocada. É necessário lembrar que o inciso IV
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PEÇA SUA AVALIAÇÃO- Curso de Direito Processual do Trabalho Vol. III. Processo de Execução Processo Cautelar Procedimentos Especiais
- Procedimentos Especiais
- Ação de Consignação em Pagamento
- Ação de Depósito
- Ação de Prestação de Contas
- Interdito Proibitório
- Embargos de Terceiro
- Habilitação
- Restauração de Autos
- Ação Monitória
- Ação Civil Pública
- Ação Civil Coletiva
- Ação Anulatória de Cláusula Convencional
- Ação Rescisória
- Mandado de Segurança
- Habeas Corpus
- Habeas Data
- Dissídio Coletivo
- Incidente de Uniformização da Jurisprudência
- Controle Jurisdicional da Constitucionalidade
- Súmulas Vinculantes
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