Furto de energia (§ 3o)
Autor | Octahydes Ballan Junior |
Ocupação do Autor | Promotor de Justiça no Estado do Tocantins. Coordenador do Centro de Apoio Operacional Criminal (2012/2014). Bacharel em Direito pela Faculdade de Direito de Franca |
Páginas | 54-59 |
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O legislador previu no § 3º do art. 155, CP, que "Equipara-se à coisa móvel a energia elétrica ou qualquer outra que tenha valor econômico".
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A previsão legal afasta qualquer dúvida acerca da incidência ou não do crime de furto, qualquer que seja a energia subtraída.
Como o próprio texto deixa entrever, não é apenas a eletricidade o objeto da tutela penal, mas toda forma de energia possuidora de valor econômico.
Flávio Augusto Monteiro de Barros exemplifica:
Toda e qualquer energia que apresenta valor econômico pode ser objeto de furto. Exemplos: energia radioativa, energia cinética, energia atômica etc. Urge, porém, que a energia seja suscetível de apossamento, isto é, que possa ser separada da coisa que a produz. Assim, não caracteriza furto o apossamento da energia física do animal.
Dentre as diversas energias, merece destaque a genética, cujo valor econômico é inegável, respondendo por furto o agente que introduz fêmea em propriedade alheia para ser fecundada pelo animal do vizinho. Trata-se de furto de esperma, que constitui energia genética, operando-se a consumação quando o líquido espermático é introduzido no organismo da fêmea, ainda que não ocorra a fecundação, pois o lucro não é requisito do furto.20Discute-se na doutrina e na jurisprudência se a subtração de sinal de TV a cabo constitui furto, por força do art. 155, § 3º, do Código Penal.
Ocorre que recentemente o Supremo Tribunal Federal proferiu decisão paradigmática, no seguinte sentido:
EMENTA: HABEAS CORPUS. DIREITO PENAL. ALEGAÇÃO DE ILEGITIMIDADE RECURSAL DO ASSISTENTE DE ACUSAÇÃO. IMPROCEDÊNCIA. INTERCEPTAÇÃO OU RECEPTAÇÃO NÃO AUTORIZADA DE SINAL DE TV A CABO. FURTO DE ENERGIA (ART. 155, § 3º, DO CÓDIGO PENAL). ADEQUAÇÃO TÍPICA NÃO EVIDENCIADA. CONDUTA TÍPICA PREVISTA NO ART. 35 DA
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LEI 8.977/95. INEXISTÊNCIA DE PENA PRIVATIVA DE LIBER-DADE. APLICAÇÃO DE ANALOGIA IN MALAM PARTEM PARA COMPLEMENTAR A NORMA. INADMISSIBILIDADE. OBEDIÊNCIA AO PRINCÍPIO CONSTITUCIONAL DA ESTRITA LEGALIDADE PENAL. PRECEDENTES. O assistente de acusação tem legitimi-dade para recorrer de decisão absolutória nos casos em que o Minis-tério Público não interpõe recurso. Decorrência do enunciado da Súmula 210 do Supremo Tribunal Federal. O sinal de TV a cabo não é energia, e assim, não pode ser objeto material do delito previsto no art. 155, § 3º, do Código Penal. Daí a impossibilidade de se equiparar o desvio de sinal de TV a cabo ao delito descrito no referido dispositivo. Ademais, na esfera penal não se...
Para continuar a ler
PEÇA SUA AVALIAÇÃO- Furto, Roubo e Extorsão
- Furto
- Art. 155 do Código Penal
- Objeto jurídico
- Objeto material
- Elemento normativo
- Elemento objetivo
- Elemento subjetivo
- Sujeito ativo
- Sujeito passivo
- Consumação e tentativa
- Furto circunstanciado (furto noturno - § 1o)
- Furto privilegiado (§ 2o)
- Furto de energia (§ 3o)
- Furto qualificado (§§ 4o e 5o)
- Distinções
- Ação penal
- Questões diversas
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