A estratégia sem consequências de Gilmar Mendes no TSE
Autor | Silvana Batini |
Páginas | 345-346 |
Page 345
De sua cadeira no TSE, o ministro Gilmar Mendes enviou dados das contas de campanha da presidente Dilma Rousseff para a Polícia Federal e o Ministério Público, cobrando providências. Um juiz eleitoral abrindo espaço para possíveis medidas criminais. Quais as implicações deste ato?
Em um primeiro nível de análise - o plano do direito eleitoral - a resposta parece ser: nenhuma. Gilmar Mendes foi o relator da prestação de contas de campanha da presidente Dilma, aprovadas com ressalvas em dezembro passado. O julgamento de contas de campanha é atividade jurisdicional, ou seja, uma decisão deinitiva. No caso, as "ressalvas" na aprovação não comprometem a regularidade das contas. A aprovação já transitou em julgado.
Como é possível, então, que dessas contas ainda possam surgir efeitos? A resposta está no labirinto intrincado e com frequência irracional em que se transformou a lei eleitoral brasileira.
Candidatos vencedores só podem ser diplomados e empossados depois do julgamento de suas contas, em prazo aproximado de 40 dias após a eleição. Mas a exigência está no julgamento, e não na aprovação das contas. Candidatos que porventura tenham suas contas desaprovadas ou aprovadas com ressalvas podem sofrer algum grau de constrangimento público, mas daí não surge qualquer consequência legal. A implicação inevitável, e muito problemática para contextos de crise política, é que a aprovação das contas de campanha tampouco oferece ao vencedor um atestado idedigno de legitimidade.
Page 346
Nesse cenário, o julgamento de contas de campanhas pela justiça eleitoral é hoje um procedimento esvaziado de eicácia. Gilmar Mendes está operando com mecanismos que já não têm mais impacto possível na esfera eleitoral.
Para que ilícitos no inanciamento de campanha levem à cassação de mandato é necessário que sejam apurados em procedimentos próprios, diversos da prestação de contas, e...
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