A Engenharia Diagnóstica na Desconstrução Civil
Autor | Tito Lívio Ferreira Gomide |
Páginas | 107-111 |
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A Engenharia Diagnóstica em Edificações, tradicionalmente, visa examinar e investigar os sistemas construtivos para diagnosticar suas patologias prediais, com foco nas recuperações e aprimoramentos da qualidade predial, mas com o crescimento da tendência de desconstrução, a disciplina também contribui nesse sentido.
Sabendo-se que o impacto da construção civil no meio ambiente é enorme, pois as edificações consomem aproximadamente 50% da energia mundial (construção e manutenção), consoante dados da Associação de Estudos Geobiológicos da Espanha, na Jornada de Bioconstruccion (Madrid, 1996) em trabalho de Sofia Bealing & Stefan e Philip Steadman, que indica outros 25% para a indústria e os demais 25% para o transporte, relevante o estudo diagnóstico da desconstrução. Estima-se que o percentual de resíduos da construção civil é de aproximadamente 35% de todo o resíduo produzido na atividade humana.
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E sabe-se que esse percentual tende a crescer com o envelhecimento de grande parte do parque de construções no mundo. O descuido com a manutenção predial também contribui para o aumento dos resíduos, pois algumas edificações atingem estágio muito avançado de degradação precoce, impossibilitando sua recuperação e determinando a sua desconstrução.
Mas, o que é a desconstrução? Qual é a diferença entre desconstrução e demolição?
A demolição é o ato ou efeito de demolir, ou seja, deitar abaixo, desfazer, desmantelar, destruir, derrubar uma construção, como bem esclarece o "Aurélio". Já a desconstrução é o ato de desconstruir, desfazer e que, de forma simplista, pode ser conceituada como a demolição sustentável, visando mitigar os danos ambientais dessa atividade, com a aplicação dos 4 R’s, representados pelo repensar, reduzir, reutilizar e reciclar.
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Segundo os doutrinadores técnicos, do qual destacamos o Prof. Dr. Douglas Barreto da UFSCar, a desconstrução faz parte do Ciclo de Vida da Edificação (VUP), conforme mostra a ilustração abaixo, apresentada no I Workshop Avaliação de Desempenho na Prática, promovido pelo Instituto de Engenharia em outubro de 2014.
Evidentemente, toda desconstrução gera uma quantidade imensa de resíduos sólidos, sem embargo do gasto de energia e mão-de-obra para sua realização, causando relativo dano ambiental. Porém, quando bem planejada, a desconstrução reduz expressiva-
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mente esses danos, além de...
Para continuar a ler
PEÇA SUA AVALIAÇÃO- Livros e Revistas
- Engenharia Legal 5
- Introdução
- Caminhos da Engenharia Diagnóstica em Edificações
- Questões Básicas de Engenharia Diagnóstica
- Auditoria de Manutenção e Desempenho com Base nas Normas da ABNT
- Avaliação Técnica do Desempenho em Edificação e a Norma NBR 15.575/2013 da ABNT
- Avaliação do Desempenho Estrutural em Edificações e a NBR 15.575/2013 da ABNT
- Engenharia Anticorrupção
- Tipologias de Inspeção Predial
- Inspeção Predial na Prática
- Irregularidades de Uso em Edificações
- Profissionalismo na Construção Civil em Tempos de Certificação do Desempenho Edilício
- A Engenharia Diagnóstica na Desconstrução Civil
- Investigações Técnicas na Engenharia Diagnóstica em Edificações
- Inspeção Técnica de Vizinhança
- Modelo de Laudo de Inspeção Predial
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