- Início
- Livros E Revistas
- Curso Moderno de Direito Civil
- Curso Moderno de Direito Civil. Parte Geral
- Introdução
Direito Civil
Autor | Bassil Dower, Nelson Godoy |
Ocupação do Autor | Professor Universitário e Advogado em São Paulo |
Páginas | 85-89 |
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Proclamada a independência política e não tendo o Brasil leis próprias, foi convocada uma Assembléia Constituinte, que baixou a Lei de 20 de outubro de 1.823, determinando a aceitação da legislação portuguesa naquilo que não contrariasse a soberania nacional e o regime abraçado pelo Brasil. E assim, as Ordenações Filipinas, que vigoravam em Portugal na época, foram adotadas como lei brasileira, especialmente no campo civil, até que se organizassem os nossos Códigos.
Em 1.824 adveio o primeiro Código brasileiro: a Constituição Imperial, determinando esta, a organização dos Códigos Civil e Criminal, fundados na justiça e na eqüidade. Desde aquela época, o Brasil procurou organizar um Código Civil próprio.
A primeira possibilidade, no entanto, surgiu somente em 1.855 quando o Governo encarregou Teixeira de Freitas de realizar uma Consolidação das
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Leis Civis, a qual foi aprovada em 1.858, tornando-se oficial, vindo preencher a lacuna da inexistência de um Código Civil. Contudo, o então Ministro da Justiça, Nabuco de Araújo, preferiu que Teixeira de Freitas elaborasse um projeto do Código Civil, contratando-o, para esse fim, em 1.859. Mas o projeto foi abandonado pelo Governo, devido ao fato de Teixeira de Freitas ter desejado unificar o Direito Civil com o Direito Comercial (é o que acabou acontecendo hoje). Nessas circunstâncias, o referido projeto foi publicado em forma de esboço pelo seu autor e, mais tarde, aceito em quase sua totalidade por Velez Sarsfield, autor do projeto do Código Civil Argentino.
Em 1.881, Felício dos Santos apresentava ao Governo Imperial seus apontamentos com vistas à elaboração do projeto do Código Civil, mas recebeu parecer contrário de uma comissão especialmente nomeada para estudá-lo.
Logo após a proclamação da República, o Ministro da Justiça Campos Sales incumbiu Coelho Rodrigues da feitura de novo projeto, o qual também não foi transformado em lei. Contudo, ao ocupar a Presidência da República, Campos Sales designou, em abril de 1.899, Clóvis Beviláqua, então Professor de Legislação Comparada da Faculdade de Direito de Recife, a redigir um anteprojeto, que foi apresentado nesse mesmo ano, em novembro, em menos de oito meses, pelo ilustre jurista. Porém, só muito mais tarde, após 16 anos de debates, com diversas modificações...
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