- Início
- Livros E Revistas
- Aspectos Jurídicos Controversos Dos Juros E Da Comissão de Permanência
- A Comissão de Permanência Propriamente Dita
O descabimento da cobrança da comissão de permanência à taxa SELIC
Autor | Glauber Moreno Talavera |
Ocupação do Autor | Executivo corporativo em São Paulo; Doutor e Mestre em Direito Civil pela PUC-SP |
Páginas | 247-249 |
Page 247
Na esteira da polêmica acerca da suposta potestatividade existente nas cláusulas contratuais estipuladoras da incidência da comissão de permanência, tentou-se, de forma equivocada e dissonante da realidade prática negocial dos mercados, vincular a taxa de incidência da comissão de permanência à taxa SELIC.1No julgamento do REsp 271.214-RS pelo egrégio STJ, coube ao eminente Ministro Ruy Rosado de Aguiar ventilar a hipótese, no seguinte excerto de seu voto: “O crédito tem sido objeto de constante regulação, porque todo mundo sabe, e é fato histórico que qualquer manual sobre direito bancário revela, que a necessidade do dinheiro e a natural desigualdade entre as partes pode ensejar o estabelecimento de regras que favoreçam o fornecedor. Quando tudo é permitido e liberado, quando todos praticam as taxas elevadas que conhecemos – os exemplos acima são apenas exemplos e não os mais significativos – não há para o necessitado do dinheiro sequer
Page 248
a liberdade de escolha. Daí a exigência de um controle judicial nos casos que são objeto de processo.
Por isso, não me parece adequado dizer que a inadimplência permite a cobrança de juros pela taxa média do mercado, estipulação postestativa que leva a resultados que não podem ser defendidos por ninguém.
No mercado, hoje, segundo o Informe Oboé, de maio de 2002, a renda em CDB é de 16,03% em 12 meses, a caderneta de poupança rendeu 8,60%, a taxa SELIC é de 19,94%. No artigo que o Prof. Delfim Neto publicou na Folha de S. Paulo de 10.04.2002, o juro real no Brasil, em meados de março de 2002, é de 12,9% a.a. A taxa Selic foi usada na 4a T., no REsp n. 260.172-SP, para substituir as taxas contratadas para o caso de inadimplência.
Por isso, acredito que, para o caso dos autos, depois da inadimplência, deve ser substituída a comissão de permanência calculada pela taxa de mercado, pela Taxa Selic, aí já embutida a correção monetária”.
A tese esposada pelo nobre Ministro não foi perfilhada pelos seus pares no referido julgamento. A bem da verdade, a taxa média praticada pelo mercado, parâmetro para apuração da taxa incidente a título de comissão de permanência, não se confunde com a taxa SELIC. A taxa SELIC é também chamada “taxa básica da economia”. Isso porque representa a taxa pela qual as instituições integrantes do Sistema Financeiro Nacional são remuneradas pela compra de títulos da dívida pública federal. É, na realidade, a menor taxa de juros da economia, pois o Governo é um tomador...
Para continuar a ler
PEÇA SUA AVALIAÇÃO- Aspectos jurídicos controversos dos juros e da comissão de permanência
- A Comissão de Permanência Propriamente Dita
- Comissão de permanência - Conceito
- A legitimidade da fonte da qual emana a autorização para a cobrança da comissão de permanência
- As razões de ordem prática que ensejam a cobrança da comissão de permanência: descasamento entre ativos e passivos e risco de refinanciamento em condições adversas
- A comissão de permanência sob a ótica das perdas e danos
- O enquadramento da comissão de permanência na categoria dos juros compensatórios
- A inexistência de potestatividade nas disposições contratuais estipuladoras da comissão de permanência
- O descabimento da cobrança da comissão de permanência à taxa SELIC
- A cobrança da comissão de permanência: natureza diversa de institutos congêneres como os juros moratórios, a correção monetária e a cláusula penal
- Posfácio
- Bibliografia
- Anexo I. Normativos do Banco Central
- Anexo II. Superior Tribunal de Justiça
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