Da penhora de empresa e do estabelecimento comercial
Autor | Mauro Schiavi |
Ocupação do Autor | Juiz titular da 19a Vara do Trabalho de São Paulo. Mestre e Doutor em Direito das Relações Sociais pela PUC/SP |
Páginas | 356-358 |
Page 356
Empresa é unidade econômica de produção destinada ao lucro. Trata-se de entidade abstrata, cuja existência é reconhecida pelo Direito.
Nesse sentido dispõe o art. 966 do Código Civil:
Considera-se empresário quem exerce profissionalmente atividade econômica organizada para a produção ou a circulação de bens ou de serviços. Parágrafo único. Não se considera empresário quem exerce profissão intelectual, de natureza científica, literária ou artística, ainda
Page 357
com o concurso de auxiliares ou colaboradores, salvo se o exercício da profissão constituir elemento de empresa.
Estabelecimento é o conjunto de bens materiais e imateriais destinados à atividade econômica empresarial. Trata-se de unidade corpórea, contendo os bens necessários para o exercício da atividade empresarial.
O Código Civil, no art. 1.142, nos define, por meio de interpretação autêntica, o conceito de estabelecimento. Dispõe o referido dispositivo legal:
Considera-se estabelecimento todo complexo de bens organizado, para exercício da empresa, por empresário, ou por sociedade empresária.
O Código de Processo Civil diz que a penhora pode recair tanto em empresa como em estabelecimento.
Com efeito, determinam os arts. 862 e 863, ambos do Código de Processo Civil:
Art. 862. Quando a penhora recair em estabelecimento comercial, industrial ou agrícola, bem como em semoventes, plantações ou edifícios em construção, o juiz nomeará administrador-depositário, determinando-lhe que apresente em 10 (dez) dias o plano de administração.
§ 1º Ouvidas as partes, o juiz decidirá.
§ 2º É lícito às partes ajustar a forma de administração e escolher o depositário, hipótese em que o juiz homologará por despacho a indicação.
§ 3º Em relação aos edifícios em construção sob regime de incorporação imobiliária, a penhora somente poderá recair sobre as unidades imobiliárias ainda não comercializadas pelo incorporador.
§ 4º Sendo necessário afastar o incorporador da administração da incorporação, será ela exercida pela comissão de representantes dos adquirentes ou, se se tratar de construção financiada, por empresa ou profissional indicado pela instituição fornecedora dos recursos para a obra, devendo ser ouvida, neste último caso, a comissão de representantes dos adquirentes.
Art. 863. A penhora de empresa que funcione mediante concessão ou autorização far-se-á, conforme o valor do crédito, sobre a renda, sobre determinados bens ou sobre todo o patrimônio, e o juiz nomeará como...
Para continuar a ler
PEÇA SUA AVALIAÇÃO- Execução no Processo do Trabalho
- Da Penhora
- Conceito e natureza jurídica
- Dos efeitos da penhora
- Da importância da penhora para a execução
- Indicação de bens. Ordem de penhora. Constrição e garantia do juízo
- Do auto de penhora
- Dos bens impenhoráveis
- Da impenhorabilidade do bem de família
- Da penhora de dinheiro e bloqueio de contas bancárias
- Da penhora de salário
- Penhora de bens imóveis
- Penhora de bem gravado com alienação fiduciária em garantia
- Penhora de bem gravado com leasing
- Penhora de faturamento
- Da penhora de empresa e do estabelecimento comercial
- Penhora de crédito
- Penhora no rosto dos autos
- Substituição de penhora
- Mais de uma penhora sobre o mesmo bem (concurso de credores na Justiça do Trabalho)
- Do arresto cautelar (art. 830 do CPC)
- Da avaliação dos bens penhorados
- Do depósito dos bens penhorados e o depositário
- Depositário infiel ? prisão determinada pelo Juiz do Trabalho
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