Da antinomia entre o Decreto-Lei 201/67 e a Lei 8.429/1992
Autor | Edson Jacinto da Silva |
Páginas | 38-40 |
Page 38
Não há qualquer antinomia entre o Decreto-Lei 201/67 e a Lei 8.429/1992, denominada popularmente como “a lei do colarinho branco”, posto que o Decreto-Lei 201/67comina ao prefeito e vereadores, independentemente da tipificação jurídica, o julgamento sempre político, enquanto a segunda submete-os ao julgamento pela via judicial, pela prática do mesmo fato.
Gustavo Sena Miranda trata da incoerência de classificar os atos de improbidade administrativa como crimes de responsabilidade. O autor afirma que a tutela repressiva contra os atos de improbidade administrativa por meio da Lei 8.429/92 configura um dos mais importantes instrumentos no combate à corrupção, hoje uma verdadeira pandemia nacional.12
Page 39
Porém, na prática, o que tem ocorrido é o ajuizamento por parte do Ministério Público de inúmeras ações contra o prefeito, usando e abusando da Lei 8429/92, com interpretações das mais absurdas, especialmente no tocante àqueles dispositivos abertos como, por exemplo: o art. 11, que preceitua caracterizar ato de improbidade àquele que atenta contra princípios da Administração Pública, mesmo que não haja violação de lei alguma, mesmo assim o Ministério Público vem fazendo um “cavalo de batalha” deste artigo e responsabilizando tanto os prefeitos como os vereadores.
Nesse contexto, para a efetividade dos processos cole-tivos que apuram atos de improbidade administrativa, faz-se necessário entender que tais atos não possuem natureza criminal ou que venham a configurar os impropriamente denominados crimes de responsabilidade, sendo, portanto, ilícitos civis, cujo processo e julgamento estão afetos aos juízes de primeiro grau, ainda que o sujeito ativo venha a ser o prefeito.
O inciso I, do art. 12 da Lei 8.429/1992, afirma que nenhum dos atos de improbidade administrativa previsto na lei possui como consequência uma sanção que importe em privação da liberdade, o que representa mais um forte argumento para não se considerar tais atos como ilícitos penais.
Portanto, permanece em vigor o art. 1º da Lei de Introdução ao Código Penal (1941), que prevê o critério da sanção carcerária para definir crimes e contravenções.
De fato, a expressão “pena” é utilizada até no direito privado (cláusulas penais), sem que tais previsões contratuais tenham merecido a marca de normas criminais. Daí que seria um caminho interpretativo muito pobre este de considerar que a expressão pena designaria sempre uma resposta do direito penal a um fato ilícito.
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PEÇA SUA AVALIAÇÃO- Prefeitos e Vereadores - Responsabilidade Penal, Política e Fiscal
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- Introdução
- Da responsabilidade criminal e administrativa do prefeito
- Da peça acusatória e das provas
- Do local do crime de responsabilidade
- Das penas acessórias
- Da compatibilidade do Decreto-lei 201/67 com a Constituição Federal de 1988
- Da antinomia entre o Decreto-Lei 201/67 e a Lei 8.429/1992
- Direito Penal aplicado aos crimes de responsabilidade
- Crime de Responsabilidade - conceito
- Imputabilidade
- Concurso aparente de normas
- Direito Processual
- Devido processo legal
- Da Presunção de Inocência
- Direito processual penal
- Ação penal nos crimes de responsabilidade
- Materialidade do fato
- Ônus da prova no processo do crime de responsabilidade
- Da Notificação do Prefeito para a Defesa Prévia
- Alegação Final
- Sentença criminal
- Da possibilidade da Lei Orgânica Municipal dispor sobre as infrações político-adminitrativas e o posicionamento dos nossos Tribunais a respeito deste tema
- Dos crimes dos Prefeitos
- Das infrações Político-administrativas
- Da extinção do mandato do Prefeito
- Da extinção de mandato de Vereador
- Ocorrer falecimento, renúncia por escrito, cassação dos direitos políticos ou condenação por crime funcional ou eleitoral
- Crimes de Responsabilidade Fiscal
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