Conclusões
Autor | Fábio De Souza Lima Nunes |
Páginas | 165-166 |
Page 165
Vivemos um momento de grandes debates sobre a necessi-dade de reforma do sistema previdenciário brasileiro. O bilionário déficit da previdência já é do conhecimento de todos. Com o envelhecimento da população e diminuição da natalidade, a perspectiva é cada vez mais sombria. Em 2015, os benefícios mais concedidos pelo INSS foram o auxílio-doença previdenciário, a aposenta-doria por idade e o salário-maternidade com, respectivamente, 42,1%, 13,3% e 12,9% do total. O total de benefícios de auxílio-doença concedidos só em 2015 chegou a 2.025.098, chegando a um custo total de 23,2 bilhões de reais (entre previdenciários e acidentários). Os números mostram a importância do auxílio-doença. Precisamos aprimorar os critérios de concessão, para que esse importantíssimo benefício não falte para os que realmente precisam. Nesse sentido, do estudo dos sistemas em vigor nos demais países, podem surgir boas ideias a serem aproveitadas no sistema brasileiro de concessão de auxílio-doença.
Destaco particularmente a adoção de critérios de qualificação diferentes para benefícios com duração diferentes, para empregados e autônomos/facultativos e, principalmente, para diferentes idades de início da incapacidade. Também seria muito importante estudar a melhor forma de redução dos rendimentos em benefício (talvez acrescentando majorações em caso de dependentes, baixa renda...), mas principalmente abolir a possibilidade de aumento dos mesmos, verdadeira aberração do sistema brasileiro. Estipular uma pequena “franquia” para o início do benefício e criar a
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possibilidade de definição de incapacidade parcial com diminuição da jornada e/ou do benefício, também seriam úteis. De grande utilidade também seria adotar o sistema que define períodos do dia para permanência no domicílio, enquanto perdurasse o benefício (exceto em caso de tratamento). Com controle adequado, seria uma excelente ferramenta para inibição de fraudes.
Apesar de não ser um dos objetivos deste livro, não podemos deixar de chamar a atenção sobre a urgente necessidade de uniformizar o processo de avaliação da incapacidade por parte da perícia...
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