Como conclusão
Autor | José Roberto Fernandes Castilho |
Páginas | 291-296 |
Page 291
L’urbanisme est issu de l’architecture. Mais entre l’art urbain des grands bâtisseurs et l’urbanisme d’aujourd’hui, la matière s’est enrichie, transformée, compliquée à la mesure d’une civilisation dont elle est une sorte de vitrine.
Jérôme Chapuisat, Le droit de l’urbanisme, 1988.
Algumas conclusões breves se fazem necessárias, muito embora o texto apresentado não se pretenda de tese mas, pretende-se, meramente de sistematização do conhecimento algo disperso nas relações próximas do Direito com o Urbanismo, ambos apresentando visão prospectiva da reali-dade e, pois, colocando-se no plano do dever ser.
O espaço urbano está predestinado à ocupação dos homens, ocupação que deve ser submetida a um elevado “coeficiente de relatividade” para não se tornar a cidade da noite medonha (“city of dreadful night”) do poema de James Thomson (1874) – que trata do horror da cidade vitoriana a partir de Londres. Se a causa final da edificação é o abrigo humano, a obra arquitetônica deve se inserir no tecido urbano de modo socialmente conveniente e urbanisticamente harmônico, padrões definidos pela atividade planejadora que determina limitações e condicionamentos vários à propriedade ditados pelo “bem público”, expressão utilizada pelo art. 179/XXII da Constituição do Império1.
O impacto da ação antrópica sobre o meio, aliás, sempre deve ser cercado de cuidados. No urbanismo, este cuidado se inicia com a própria formação adequada do lote
Page 292
(urbanização primária), que não só deve estar conectado com a cidade na convergência das redes e dos serviços urbanos, como ter área e forma compatível com as características da zona em que se situa. Isto porque, constituído o lote, deve ele ser efetivamente ocupado e utilizado nos termos prescritos pelo plano local (urbanização secundária), não podendo ficar vazio ou, pior, abandonado, o que geraria as condições necessárias para aplicação de sanções ao proprietário.
O interesse público tanto na formação do lote quanto no levantamento da edificação – e sua utilização –, nesse sentido, são evidentes e devem ser enfatizados na disciplina urbanística. A propósito, a lei francesa que organiza a arquitetura o diz com clareza: “La création architecturale, la qualité des constructions, leur insertion harmonieuse dans le mi-lieu environnant, le respect des paysages naturels ou urbains ainsi que du patrimoine sont d’intérêt public. Les autorités habilitées à délivrer le permis de construire ainsi que les autorisations de lotir s’assurent, au cours de l’instruction des demandes, du respect de cet intérêt” (Lei nº 77-2, de 3.1.77...
Para continuar a ler
PEÇA SUA AVALIAÇÃO- Livros e Revistas
- Disciplina urbanística da propriedade - o lote e seu destino
- Lista de abreviaturas, siglas e convenções
- Apresentação
- Nota Prévia
- A dupla perspectiva de análise do Direito Urbanístico
- Lote: conceito urbanístico fundamental
- Categorização do lote
- Índices urbanísticos: coeficiente de aproveitamento
- O controle da legalidade urbanística
- Como conclusão
- Referências bibliográficas
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