Coligações
Autor | Elmana Viana Lucena Esmeraldo |
Ocupação do Autor | Analista Judiciária do Tribunal Regional Eleitoral do Pará |
Páginas | 237-241 |
Page 237
Define-se coligação partidária como sendo a junção ou reunião temporária de dois ou mais partidos políticos, dentro de uma mesma circunscrição, para concorrerem à determinada eleição, indicando, conjuntamente, os seus candidatos.
Sua formação está prevista no art. 6º, caput, da Lei 9.504/97. Têm caráter temporário e é considerada como um partido autônomo no que se refere ao processo eleitoral e no relacionamento com a Justiça Eleitoral
É importante observar que, embora à coligação sejam atribuídas as prerrogativas e obrigações de partido político (Lei nº 9.504/97, art. 6º, § 1º), a mesma não possui personalidade jurídica propriamente dita, porquanto não é pessoa jurídica de direito privado ou de direito público.
Embora em alguns julgados do TSE tenha restado consignado que a coligação possui “personalidade jurídica”, tecnicamente o que este ente possui é personalidade judiciária (capacidade processual), semelhante ao que acontece com o espólio, o condomínio, a herança jacente etc. (CPC, art. 12).
Podemos concluir que existem duas diferenças básicas entre uma coligação e um partido: o partido político é considerado pessoa jurídica de direito privado e tem caráter permanente, enquanto que a coligação é temporária e não possui personalidade jurídica.
Somente o partido político que tenha registrado seu estatuto no Tribunal Superior Eleitoral até o dia 7 de outubro de 2011 e que até a data da convenção, tenha órgão de direção (Diretório Municipal ou Comissão Provisória) constituído
Page 238
no Município, devidamente anotado no respectivo Tribunal Regional Eleitoral poderá participar das Eleições Municipais de 2012.
A anotar, entretanto, que o c. TSE já entendeu que a ausência de anotação do diretório municipal ou da comissão provisória no Tribunal Regional Eleitoral não é óbice ao indeferimento de registro de partido, coligação ou candidato que pretenda concorrer ao pleito, desde que tenha sido regularmente constituído.
Os partidos políticos podem concorrer nas eleições isoladamente ou coligados com outros partidos, observando-se as normas legais e a circunscrição da eleição.
Na esteira da jurisprudência do Tribunal Superior Eleitoral, a coligação passa a existir no momento em que é firmado o acordo de vontade entre as agremiações políticas que as integram.
A homologação do acordo pela Justiça Eleitoral, no processo de registro de candidatura, apenas terá o condão de reconhecer, com eficácia ex tunc, a regularidade dos atos até...
Para continuar a ler
PEÇA SUA AVALIAÇÃO- Manual dos Candidatos e Partidos Políticos
- Parte IV. Do processo eleitoral
- Do Processo Eleitoral
- Visão Geral do Processo Eleitoral
- Considerações Iniciais acerca do Processo Eleitoral
- Convenções Partidárias
- Coligações
- Constituição e Registro do Comitê Financeiro
- Requerimento de Registro de Candidatura
- Arrecadação e Gastos de Recursos para a Campanha Eleitoral
- Pesquisa Eleitoral
- Propaganda Eleitoral
- Condutas Vedadas aos Agentes Públicos em Campanha
- Debates Eleitorais
- Atos Preparatórios para a Eleição
- O dia da Eleição
- Apuração, Totalização, Proclamação dos Eleitos e Diplomação
- Prestação de Contas de Campanha
- Anexo - Resolução nº 23.341
- Referências
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