- Início
- Livros E Revistas
- A Criação Da Lei. Sistema Jurídico, Competências, Processo, Técnica, Controle Prévio
- Título II. As Competências para Criar a Lei
As faculdades da iniciativa legislativa
Autor | Mayr Godoy |
Ocupação do Autor | Mestre em Direito do Estado pela Universidade de São Paulo |
Páginas | 79-83 |
Page 79
A iniciativa das propostas de emendas constitucionais e dos projetos de lei, regra geral, cabe a qualquer parlamentar; aquelas por um terço da composição da Casa e estas por assinatura singela. A Constituição consagra, no entanto, o direito de iniciativa, também, às Comissões, à Mesa, ao Executivo, ao Judiciário e ao Ministério Público, atendendo à especificidade do assunto ou mesmo por faculdade concorrente.
Esse poder de iniciativa de proposituras não é incondicionado; pelo contrário, há restrições quanto à determinadas matérias, alcançando até o poder de emenda em alguns casos, via mensagem modificativa, o que reduz o poder parlamentar e revigora a posição do Executivo.
Page 80
Desde a prevalência do planejamento como processo de governo se tem entendido que a matéria financeira deve ficar sob a exclusiva iniciativa do Poder Executivo, por razão técnica, como já ocorrida com o orçamento e com os projetos que abram créditos. A Constituição Federal estatui, no Art. 165, que são da iniciativa do Poder Executivo as leis de plano plurianual, das diretrizes orçamentárias e dos orçamentos anuais. As emendas à estas proposições tem restrições determinadas nos §§ 2º e 3º, do Art. 166, da Constituição Federal.
Isto coincidiu com o insopitável desejo que o Executivo sempre nutriu de excluir, da ação parlamentar, a iniciativa daquelas matérias, ao que não se refreou, para incluir, também, outras, como as dos projetos que criam cargos, funções ou empregos públicos, disponham sobre vencimentos e vantagens, e sobre o regime jurídico do servidor público, dentre muitas, como estão expressas no § 1º, do Art. 61, da Constituição Federal. Nesses projetos não são admitidas emendas dos parlamentares se, de tais emendas, resultar aumento da despesa prevista. O Executivo, através de mensagem, pode alterar o texto original dos projetos por ele apresentado enquanto não tiver sido objeto de parecer das comissões.
Afora os projetos de sua exclusiva iniciativa, o Executivo tem a faculdade concorrente de apresentar projetos sobre qualquer matéria legislativa.
Em relação às propostas de emendas constitucionais, o Executivo tem assegurada a faculdade de sua apresentação...
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