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- Aprendizagem Profissional E Direitos Humanos. O Direito Fundamental Dos Jovens À Profissionalização
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Apresentação
Autor | Mariane Josviak/Regina Bergamaschi Bley/Silvia Cristina Trauczynski |
Páginas | 11-12 |
Page 11
A aprendizagem profissional prevista nos arts. 428 a 433 da Consolidação das Leis do Trabalho — CLT —, configura-se como um instituto jurídico apto a fornecer aos jovens de 14 a 24 anos incompletos o acesso ao Primeiro Emprego no Brasil, não o fazendo com exclusividade, vez que pode o jovem trabalhar a partir dos 16 anos, na condição de empregado. Este instrumento poderoso possibilita que os jovens brasileiros a partir de 14 anos possam ser contratados como aprendizes, com todos os direitos trabalhistas e previdenciários, com a redução do FGTS, que neste caso passa de 8% a 2%, como forma de incentivar a contratação.
A contratação de aprendizes em nosso País se dá desde 1942, período de industrialização do Brasil e necessidade de se formar jovens trabalhadores. Nos idos de 2000 deu-se oportunidade a Instituições sem fins lucrativos e Institutos Federais Tecnológicos a também formarem aprendizes, embora tal atribuição seja prioritária do sistema "S", Serviços nacionais nas áreas do comércio, indústria, transporte, rural e cooperativismo.
Esse Instituto que viabiliza a entrada no Mundo do Trabalho de jovens com formação teórica, além da obrigatoriedade da escolaridade e exercício prático da profissão tem sido um instrumento poderoso de acesso de jovens em diversas condições sociais, mas também tem possibilitado o acesso de jovens em condição de vulnerabilidade social, jovens de programas de renda mínima, jovens que residem em abrigos, jovens do socioeducativo, dentre outros, o que tem promovido um resgate histórico e social de muitos jovens e propiciado o cumprimento da promessa constitucional expressa no art. 7°, inciso XXXIII, da Constituição Federal, a ensejar a concretização dos Direitos Fundamentais ali expressos e aos Direitos Humanos expressos em normas internacionais.
Neste livro objetiva-se inserir a temática da profissionalização prevista no art. 227 da Carta Magna, por meio da aprendizagem profissional como forma de demonstrar que assegurar esse direito implica em se oportunizar ao jovem a realização de outros direitos essenciais, como a escolaridade, a alimentação, a saúde e o lazer e que tal obrigação é efeti-vamente do...
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