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- Curso de Direito Processual do Trabalho Vol. III. Processo de Execução Processo Cautelar Procedimentos Especiais
- Procedimentos Especiais
Ação Anulatória de Cláusula Convencional
Autor | Manoel Antonio Teixeira Filho |
Páginas | 2740-2742 |
Page 2740
O Ministério Público do Trabalho foi legitimado pelo inciso IV do art. 83 da Lei Complementar n. 75, de 20 de maio de 1993, a promover, na esfera da Justiça do Trabalho, “as ações cabíveis para a declaração de nulidade de cláusula de contrato, acordo coletivo ou convenção coletiva que viole as liberdades individuais ou coletivas ou os direitos indisponíveis dos trabalhadores”.
O sindicato, em princípio, também possui legitimidade para propor essa espécie de ação, por força do disposto no inciso III do art. 8.° da Constituição Federal.
Obviamente, o próprio trabalhador poderá ingressar em juízo, para, como titular do direito material lesado, obter um provimento jurisdicional declaratório da nulidade de cláusula de seu contrato de trabalho ou inserta em instrumento normativo privado (acordo ou convenção coletiva).
De igual modo, o sindicato patronal terá legitimidade para exercer ação com o objetivo de ver declaradas nulas determinadas cláusulas de convenção coletiva de trabalho.
Em tais situações, portanto, o patrimônio jurídico do trabalhador poderá ser defendido:
a) por ele próprio; b) pelo sindicato representativo de sua categoria; c) pelo Ministério Público do Trabalho, sendo certo que os interesses do empregador poderão ser defendidos por ele próprio, no caso de convenção coletiva de trabalho.
Detalhemos.
Ação promovida pelo trabalhador. Não se pode negar ao trabalhador a legitimidade (e o correspondente interesse processual) para obter um pronunciamento jurisdicional declaratório da nulidade da cláusula ou do grupo de cláusulas lesivas de seus direitos. Esse pronunciamento, entretanto, não será objeto de ação específica, sendo realizado, isto sim, na “reclamação” em que o trabalhador visa à condenação do empregador ao cumprimento de determinada obrigação (dar, fazer, não fazer, etc.), figurando a declaração de nulidade da cláusula como pressuposto para a referida condenação. Nesta hipótese, a declação será, portanto, incidental.
Page 2741
Ação promovida pelo sindicato dos trabalhadores. Somente seria juridicamente viável se tivesse como objeto cláusula de contrato individual de trabalho. Não se justificaria, em princípio, o fato de o sindicato dos trabalhadores ajuizar ação com a finalidade de obter declaração de nulidade de cláusula...
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PEÇA SUA AVALIAÇÃO- Curso de Direito Processual do Trabalho Vol. III. Processo de Execução Processo Cautelar Procedimentos Especiais
- Procedimentos Especiais
- Ação de Consignação em Pagamento
- Ação de Depósito
- Ação de Prestação de Contas
- Interdito Proibitório
- Embargos de Terceiro
- Habilitação
- Restauração de Autos
- Ação Monitória
- Ação Civil Pública
- Ação Civil Coletiva
- Ação Anulatória de Cláusula Convencional
- Ação Rescisória
- Mandado de Segurança
- Habeas Corpus
- Habeas Data
- Dissídio Coletivo
- Incidente de Uniformização da Jurisprudência
- Controle Jurisdicional da Constitucionalidade
- Súmulas Vinculantes
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