Se o reclamante não apresentar os cálculos, há prescrição intercorrente?
Autor | Mauro Schiavi |
Ocupação do Autor | Juiz titular da 19a Vara do Trabalho de São Paulo. Mestre e Doutor em Direito das Relações Sociais pela PUC/SP |
Páginas | 226-227 |
Page 226
Sempre foi polêmica a questão da prescrição intercorrente no processo do trabalho, diante da natureza alimentar do crédito trabalhista e do princípio da irrenunciabilidade do crédito trabalhista.
Em favor da não aplicabilidade da prescrição intercorrente no processo do trabalho é invocado o argumento de que a execução é promovida de ofício pelo Juiz do Trabalho, nos termos do art. 878 da CLT, não havendo espaço para a aplicabilidade de
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tal instituto. Nesse sentido, a Súmula n. 114 do C. TST. Além disso, argumentam que a conta de liquidação pode ser realizada pelos órgãos auxiliares da Justiça do Trabalho17, nos termos do § 3º do art. 879 da CLT.
Acreditamos que a prescrição intercorrente se aplica ao processo do trabalho exatamente na fase em que o autor é intimado para apresentar os cálculos e se mantém inerte pelo prazo de dois anos. É bem verdade que o juiz pode determinar que a ré apresente os cálculos, mas esta também pode se quedar inerte. Não nos parece que a Secretaria da Vara esteja obrigada a elaborar os cálculos, pois não há um contador na Vara e também o excesso de serviço praticamente inviabiliza tal providência. A apresentação dos cálculos, no nosso sentir, é providência que se incumbe às partes18 e, havendo a inércia, a prescrição intercorrente pode ser reconhecida. Nesse sentido é a própria redação do art. 884 da CLT, que disciplina em seu § 1º a prescrição como uma das matérias passíveis de alegação nos embargos à execução. Ora, a prescrição prevista no § 1º do art. 884 da CLT só pode ser a intercorrente, pois a prescrição própria da pretensão deve ser invocada antes do trânsito em julgado da decisão (Súmula n. 153 do C. TST).
Nesse sentido, destaca-se a Súmula n. 327 do C. STF:
Prescrição Intercorrente. O direito trabalhista admite prescrição intercorrente.
Como já nos pronunciamos anteriormente, a prescrição intercorrente não incidirá na fase liquidatória quando o reclamante estiver sem advogado, valendo-se do jus postulandi, ou quando, mesmo tendo advogado, este, justificadamente, não tiver condições de promover a liquidação, apresentando os cálculos ou os artigos de liquidação.
No mesmo sentido é a visão de Arnor Serafim Júnior19: "A despeito do pouco que revela a parte final do § 1º ao art. 884 da CLT, a prescrição ali referida parece ser inequívoca, diante do que já se viu, a prescrição pode ser verificada na fase de liquidação, mediante o transcurso do prazo legalmente previsto, desde que a...
Para continuar a ler
PEÇA SUA AVALIAÇÃO- Execução no Processo do Trabalho
- Da Liquidação no Processo do Trabalho
- Do conceito de liquidação de sentença e sua natureza jurídica
- Da liquidação por cálculos no processo do trabalho
- Se o reclamante não apresentar os cálculos, há prescrição intercorrente?
- Liquidação por arbitramento
- Liquidação por artigos (pelo procedimento comum)
- Da revelia na liquidação de sentença trabalhista
- Da perícia na liquidação
- Liquidação de títulos executivos extrajudiciais no processo do trabalho
- Da natureza da decisão que decide a liquidação no processo do trabalho e impugnabilidade
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