- Início
- Livros E Revistas
- Insalubridade E Periculosidade. Aspectos Técnicos E Práticos
- Caracterização de Insalubridade
Radiações não ionizantes
Autor | Tuffi Messias Saliba - Márcia Angelim Chaves Corrêa |
Ocupação do Autor | Engenheiro Mecânico. Engenheiro de Segurança do Trabalho. Advogado - Engenheira Química |
Páginas | 66-68 |
Page 66
O anexo 7 da NR-15, dispõe:
1 - Para os efeitos desta norma, são radiações não ionizantes as micro-ondas, ultra-violetas e laser.
2 - As operações ou atividades que exponham os trabalhadores às radiações não ionizantes, sem a proteção adequada, serão consideradas insalubres, em decorrência de laudo de inspeção realizada no local de trabalho.
3 - As atividades ou operações que exponham os trabalhadores às radiações da luz negra (ultravioleta na faixa -400-320 nanômetros) não serão consideradas insalubres.
O anexo 7 menciona somente as radiações ultravioleta, o laser e o micro-ondas como insalubres, enquanto a ACGIH, além dessas radiações, recomenda também limites para radiações infravermelhas, campos magnético, entre outros.
Embora a ACGIH possua limites de tolerância bem definidos para as radiações não ionizantes - fixados em razão da natureza, da intensidade e do tempo de exposição -, o MTE não adotou limites para caracterização da insalubridade, mas a inspeção qualitativa realizada pelo perito na atividade ou na operação em que o empregado fica exposto a tal agente. Todavia, essa inspeção deve ser revestida de critérios técnicos definidos, em que, dentre outros fatores, devem ser observados:
- Tempo de exposição do trabalhador à radiação, fator importante na ocorrência da doença ocupacional.
- Distância do empregado à fonte. É sabido que a intensidade da radiação diminui de forma inversamente proporcional ao quadrado da distância à fonte.
- Tipo de proteção usada.
- Medição da intensidade da radiação, caso o perito possua o instrumento de medição.
Vale ressaltar que, mesmo o anexo 7 não determinando limites de tolerância para esse agente, pois adotou o critério de avaliação qualitativa, caso o perito faça a avaliação quantitativa e compare a intensidade da radiação com os limites da ACGIH, seu laudo será mais bem fundamentado
Page 67
do ponto de vista técnico do que a simples inspeção qualitativa, pois, dessa maneira, a intensidade da radiação será quantificada, e a proteção adequada mencionada pelo anexo 7 poderá ser mais bem avaliada. Ademais, a definição da exposição é mais correta. Assim, por exemplo, no caso de um trabalhador que exerce atividade nas proximidades de uma...
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