A obrigação de não concorrência do dirigente social
Autor | Robson Zanetti |
Cargo | Mestre e doutorando em Direito Privado pela Universitè de Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne. Especialista em Direito Comercial e Processo Civil pela Università degli Studi di Milano. E-mail: robsonzanetti@yahoo.com.br |
O dirigente de uma sociedade tem a obrigação de não concorrer ela?
No direito americano essa dúvida não existe frente a teoria da corporate governance que supõe que o dirigente deve se abster de praticar qualquer ato susceptível de criar um conflito entre os interesses pessoais e aqueles da sociedade e me parece que este também deva ser o direcionamento do direito pátrio frente ao obrigação de boa-fé contratual (art. 422 do Código Civil).
Dessa forma, salvo disposição contrária suprimindo, limitando ou agravando1, um dirigente social assalariado ou não, não pode exercer uma atividade para concorrer com a sociedade em que ele está administrando2 e posteriormente a cessação de sua função se ficar estabelecido contratualmente essa impossibilidade. Se o dirigente violar sua obrigação de não concorrência estará sujeito a ser retirado da administração pela falta de confiança, ter sua atividade concorrencial sendo proibida, independentemente de culpa e ainda responder por perdas e danos pelos prejuízos causados, desde que provados.
Ao violar sua obrigação de não concorrência, o dirigente não pode alegar sua liberdade de trabalho e de concorrência porque ele assumiu o compromisso de não concorrer com a sociedade, pois a base legal de sua obrigação está fundamentada na lei ou na sua liberdade contratual. Nesse último caso a cláusula contratual deve estar limitada no tempo e no espaço para que ela não seja considerada abusiva e nula, pois não se pode contratar que o dirigente não exerça nenhuma atividade econômica por um período de 20 anos.
O dirigente societário tem uma obrigação de lealdade e essa é incompatível com a liberdade que...
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