Aceitação do princípio da instrumentalidade das formas
Autor | Hélio Apoliano Cardoso |
Páginas | 123-125 |
Page 123
Referido princípio visa ao aproveitamento do ato processual cujo defeito formal não impeça que seja atingida a sua finalidade.
Deve ser admitido o recurso erroneamente interposto em não havendo má-fé do recorrente ou erro grosseiro. Concomitantemente, o princípio da fungibilidade recursal deve ser levado a efeito somente quando o recurso erroneamente interposto infringir o quesito da tempestividade do recurso correto.
Nesse sentido a doutrina:
(...) em face do princípio da instrumentalidade das formas, segundo o qual o ato deve ser aproveitado a despeito de seu defeito formal, se atingida a finalidade para a qual foi ditado, aproveita-se o recurso erroneamente interposto caso não tenha havido má-fé do recorrente ou erro grosseiro. É que decorre da instrumentalidade um outro princípio, que se infere do art. 250 do CPC, que é o da fungibilidade recursal, outrora consagrado no art. 810 do Código de Processo de 1939. A análise desses pressupostos negativos de aplicação do princípio - inexistência de má-fé ou erro grosseiro - é casuística, sendo certo que a tempestividade do recurso incorretamente interposto é pré-requisito inafastável para receber o benefício da fungibilidade. (Luiz Fux, Curso de Processo Civil. 3. ed., Forense, p. 946)
Esse também é o posicionamento do STJ que se extrai dos seguintes julgados:
"PROCESSUAL CIVIL. RECURSO ORDINÁRIO EM MANDADO DE SEGURANÇA. INDICAÇÃO EQUIVOCADA DO PERMISSIVO CONSTITUCIONAL DO RECURSO. PRINCÍPIO DA FUNGIBILIDADE RECURSAL. EXPLORAÇÃO DO SERVIÇO DE TRANSPORTE DE PASSAGEIROS EM VEÍCULOS DE ALUGUEL A TAXÍMETRO. LEI MUNICIPAL N. 3.123/2000. AUTO-APLICABILIDADE. CABIMENTO DE MANDADO DE SEGURANÇA.
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Pelo princípio da fungibilidade recursal, admite-se a possibilidade de ser sanado o equívoco na interposição do recurso se inocorrente erro grosseiro e inexistente má-fé por parte do recorrente, além de comprovada a sua tempestividade.
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A Lei n. 3.123/200, que disciplinou a transformação dos motoristas auxiliares de veículo de aluguel a taxímetro em permissionários autônomos, é auto-aplicável, de efeito concreto, possuindo operatividade imediata em relação aos motoristas auxiliares que satisfaçam todas as exigências legais impostas para o exercício do serviço público de táxi. Assim sendo, é possível de ser atacada pelo mandado de segurança, posto inaplicável ao caso a Súmula 266/STF.
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Recurso a que se dá provimento." (RMS 15693 - RJ, Relator Ministro TEORI ALBINO ZAVASCKI, 1ª Turma, DJ 13 de...
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