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- Curso de Direito Processual do Trabalho Vol. III. Processo de Execução Processo Cautelar Procedimentos Especiais
- Procedimentos Especiais
Ação Civil Coletiva
Autor | Manoel Antonio Teixeira Filho |
Páginas | 2738-2739 |
Page 2738
Dispõe o inciso XII do art. 6.° da LOMP: “Art. 6.° Compete ao Ministério Público da União: (...) XII – propor ação civil coletiva para defesa de interesses individuais homogêneos”.
Nos termos da Lei n. 7.347/85, instituidora da Ação Civil Pública, esta ação se destina a tutelar direitos ou interesses difusos ou coletivos — e, ainda, individuais homogêneos, por força do disposto no art. 81 da Lei n. 8.078/90 (Código de Defesa do Consumidor), aplicável, em caráter supletivo, à sobredita Lei da Ação Civil Pública (art. 21).
A Lei n. 8.078/90 (CDC), por sua vez, no art. 81, conceitua como interesses ou direitos individuais homogêneos os decorrentes de origem comum (inciso III).
Poder-se-ia, desde logo, concluir, com base no conjunto das disposições legais transcritas, que:
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a ação civil pública se destinaria à defesa dos interesses difusos e coletivos;
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a ação civil coletiva, aos interesses individuais homogêneos.
Se examinarmos, porém, essa conclusão sob a perspectiva da competência da Justiça do Trabalho, veremos que essa está sujeita a justificadas objeções. Assim dizemos por não estarmos convencidos de que essa Justiça Especializada detenha competência para apreciar ações civis coletivas. Expliquemo-nos.
A competência da Justiça do Trabalho, quanto ao julgamento de ação civil pública (ACP), está expressa nos arts.: 129, III, da Constituição Federal; 1.°, IV, e 21 da Lei n. 7.347/85;
6.°, VII, d, 83, III, e 84 da Lei Orgânica do Ministério Público; 81, parágrafo único, I, II e III, 90 e 91 da Lei n. 8.078/90 (CDC).
Há mais. O art. 83 da LOMP não inseriu, no elenco das atribuições a serem desempenhadas pelo Parquet no âmbito da Justiça do Trabalho, a ação civil coletiva, mas, apenas, a ação civil pública (art. 6.°).
Em suma, estamos sustentando a opinião de que a ação civil coletiva não pode ser exercida na Justiça do Trabalho, por absoluta falta de previsão legal. Isto significa asseverar,
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por outro modo, que esta Justiça Especializada não possui competência para apreciar a sobredita ação.
Não se suponha, no entanto, que estamos, com nossa opinião, pretendendo deixar à margem da tutela jurisdicional trabalhista os interesses individuais homogêneos. Nada mais equivocado do que pensar assim. Vedado o exercício da ação civil coletiva na Justiça do Trabalho, a defesa dos direitos individuais homogêneos deve ser realizada por meio de ação civil pública — esta sim, inegavelmente...
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PEÇA SUA AVALIAÇÃO- Curso de Direito Processual do Trabalho Vol. III. Processo de Execução Processo Cautelar Procedimentos Especiais
- Procedimentos Especiais
- Ação de Consignação em Pagamento
- Ação de Depósito
- Ação de Prestação de Contas
- Interdito Proibitório
- Embargos de Terceiro
- Habilitação
- Restauração de Autos
- Ação Monitória
- Ação Civil Pública
- Ação Civil Coletiva
- Ação Anulatória de Cláusula Convencional
- Ação Rescisória
- Mandado de Segurança
- Habeas Corpus
- Habeas Data
- Dissídio Coletivo
- Incidente de Uniformização da Jurisprudência
- Controle Jurisdicional da Constitucionalidade
- Súmulas Vinculantes
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